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Conquest and Expansion. I. Consolidation A. Conquering the West B. The Power of Trade Debate A. Expansionists B. Anti-Imperialists III. Foreign Policy A. Projecting Force B. Spanish-American War C. The Open Door in China D. The Panama Canal IV. Accidental Empire?.
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Conquest and Expansion I. Consolidation A. Conquering the West B. The Power of Trade • Debate A. Expansionists B. Anti-Imperialists III. Foreign Policy A. Projecting Force B. Spanish-American War C. The Open Door in China D. The Panama Canal IV. Accidental Empire?
Conquering the West New States • KS (1861) • NV (1864) • NE (1867) • CO (1876) • WA, MN, ND, SD (1889) • ID, WY (1890) • UT (1896) • OK (1907) • Note the locations of reservations
Wounded Knee, 1890 Ghost Dance Chief Bigfoot Mass Grave
Expanding Trade • Reciprocity treaties with: • Hawaii • Mexico • Cuba • Puerto Rico • West Indies • Santo Domingo • El Salvador • Colombia American gunboat in Japan Hiroshige, 1861
Nationalists • Idealism • Frontier • Overproduction • Europe • Gender • Race Theodore Roosevelt, NYC, 1885
Opposition to Empire • Politicians, businessmen, intellectuals, and pacifists • Grover Cleveland, Andrew Carnegie, Jane Addams, Mark Twain, Anna Julia Cooper • Libertarians • Egalitarians • Racists “Another Explosion at Hand.” Joseph Keppler, 1900.
Projecting Force • Offense versus defense The New Navy of the US, 1892
The Spanish-American War, 1898 W.R. Hearst Emilio Aguinaldo Commodore Dewey
Battle for Cuba TR and the Rough Riders Cuban mass grave
The Philippine Insurrection, 1898-99 • U.S. • 4,234 dead • 2,818 wounded • Philippines • 20,000 soldiers and 200,000 civilians dead
Opening China, 1900 • Boxer Rebellion • John Hay • Open Door
The Panama Canal, 1903-13 • Part of Colombia • US foments rebellion • New nation of Panama • 75,000 men, $400 Million
Accidental Empire? • Ideals • Democracy • Independence • Reality • US control