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Central Dogma

Central Dogma. Translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. Video. http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/translation/movie-flash.htm http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120077/micro06.swf::Protein Synthesis. Translation.

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Central Dogma

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  1. Central Dogma Translation of mRNA into a polypeptide

  2. Video • http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/translation/movie-flash.htm • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120077/micro06.swf::Protein Synthesis

  3. Translation • Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template. • This process involves several key molecules: • mRNA • the small and large subunits of the ribosome • tRNA • the release factor • The process is broken into three stages: • initiation • elongation • termination

  4. tRNA • tRNA contains an anticodon that is complementary to the mRNA codon to which it binds. • Attached to the end of tRNA is the corresponding amino acid • The first codon is typically AUG. • Methionine corresponds to the AUG codon.

  5. http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/structure/tRNA/trna_intro.htmhttp://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/structure/tRNA/trna_intro.htm http://www.wiley.com/college/pratt/0471393878/student/structure/trna_aars/index.html

  6. Initiation • Translation initiation begins when the small subunit of the ribosome attaches to the 5 ´end of the mRNA and moves to the translation initiation site.

  7. Elongation • The large ribosomal subunit now binds to the small ribosomal subunit to create the peptidyl (or P) site and the aminoacyl (or A) site. • The first tRNA occupies the P-site. • The second tRNA enters the A-site

  8. Elongation • The methionine is transferred to the A-site amino acid • the first tRNA exits • the ribosome moves along the mRNA • the next tRNA enters http://www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-iii/gene-expression/proteins-synthesis-mechanism.php

  9. Elongation • the growing peptide is continually transferred to the A-site tRNA • the ribosome moves along the mRNA • new tRNAs enter

  10. Termination • When a stop codon is encountered in the A-site, a release factor enters the A-site and translation is terminated. • When termination is reached, the ribosome dissociates, and the newly formed protein is released.

  11. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/transcribe/

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