Spanish 2 Unit 6 Grammar

1. Spanish 2Unit 6 Grammar Learn . . . the difference between “saber” and “conocer” how to conjugate -ar verbs in the preterite tense (including -car, -gar, and –zar) By Melinda McCorkle

2. “Saber” and “Conocer” Saber - to know (a fact or how to do something) Conocer - to know (a person, place, or general subject) Both “saber” and “conocer” have irregular yo forms in the present tense.

3. Use Saber . . . to talk about factual information you know. Example: Sécuántocuesta el bate. I know how much the bat costs. +infinitive to say that you know how to do something. Example: Nicolássabepatinarmuybien. Nicolas knows how to skate very well.

4. Use Conocer . . . • when you want to say that you are familiar with a person/place. Example: Conozco a tuhermano David.  I know your brother David.

5. How to Conjugate –ar verbs in the preterite tense Use the preterite tense to talk about actions completed in the past. *The yo and usted/él/ella forms have an accent over the final vowel. *The nosotros form is the same in the preterite as in the present tense.

6. Preterite Tense Examples: You lifted weights yesterday. Túlevantastepesasayer. I swam in the sea. Nadé en el mar. We walked on the beach. Caminamos en la playa. Maria skated. Maria patinó. They watched the game. Ellosmiraronel partido.

7. Preterite of -car, -gar, and -zar verbs Regular verbs that end in -car, -gar, or -zar have a spelling change in the yo form of the preterite.

8. -car verbs -car qué Examples: Yopractiquédeportes. Yosaqué la basura. I practiced sports. I took out the trash. Yobusqué el libro. Yotoqué la guitarra. I looked for the book. I played the guitar.

9. -gar verbs -gar gué Examples: Yojugué al beisbol. Yopaguépara la camisa. I played baseball. I paid for the shirt. Yollegué al fiesta. I arrived at the party.

10. -zar verbs -zar cé Example: Yoalmorcé en la cafetería. I ate lunch in the cafeteria.

11. MINI QUIZ! Saber and Conocer: 1) Yo _______ cantar. 2)¿Tú ________ dónde Maria vive? 3) El profesor _________ a cadauno en la clase. 4) Yo __________ la escuela. 5) ___________a tuhermano David.  sé I know how to sing. sabes Do you know where Maria lives? The teacher knows everyone in the school. conoce conozco I know the school. Conozco I know your brother David.

12. MINI QUIZ (continued) Preterite tense Conjugation: • Él _______ en el mar. 2) Ellos __________ a la música. a. nadób. nadastea. escuchab. escuché c. nadard. cantarc. mirarond. escucharon 3) Tú _________ en la playa. 4) Nosotros __________ un película. a. caminarb. caminastea. mirarb. miró c. caminéd. caminaronc. hacerd. miramos

13. MINI QUIZ (continued) Preterite Tense (-car, -gar, and -zar): Connect the irregular verb ending with their yo form conjugation. -car gué -gar cé -zar qué Fill in the blank. Yo ________________ deportes. (practicar) Yo ________________ en la cafetería. (almorzar) Yo ________________ la guitarra. (jugar) practiqué almorcé jugué

14. MINI QUIZ (continued) REVIEW: Describe each picture using the preterite tense of the verb. __________________ ____________________ ______________ Ellos . . . miraron Él . . . buceó Tú . . . caminaste __________________ Yo . . . nadé _____________________ Nosotros . . . tomamos el sol

15. THINGS TO REMEMBER . . . • Use “saber” to talk about knowing facts or how to do something. • Use “conocer” to talk about knowing a person or place. • Both “saber” and “concocer” have irregular yo forms. • Use preterite tense to talk about things that happened in the past. • The nosotros form is the same for preterite and present tense. • In preterite tense, the -car, -gar, and -zar verbs are only different in the yo form. • Both the yo and the él/ella forms in preterite tense have accent marks.