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III. 100 Years War

Explore the causes, battles, and legacy of the 100 Years War, a pivotal conflict where peasants wielded power, technologies emerged, and Joan of Arc inspired French victory. Witness the rise of "new monarchies" and the transformation of nations.

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III. 100 Years War

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  1. III. 100 Years War • Causes: • 13th century England holds one small possession in France (Gascony) • English King (Edward III) was also Duke of Gascony and had pledged allegiance to French King (Phillip VI). • King Phillip seizes Gascony; King Edward declares war.

  2. Duchy of English King

  3. III. 100 Years War • Turning point in nature of warfare • Foot soldiers (peasants) won the chief battles, not knights • Technologies • Pikes (heavy spears) • Longbows (greater striking power; longer range; rapid speed of fire) • Cannon (possible w/ gunpowder)

  4. III. 100 Years War • Main Battles • Crecy • 1st major battle • England wins • Agincourt • 1,500 French nobles die on battlefield • England wins • Orleans • Joan of Arc inspired a French victory

  5. Major Battles

  6. III. 100 Years War • Joan of Arc • Born to a peasant family • Had visions that told her to free France • French King allowed her to travel w/ the French army to Orleans • Inspired by her faith France won the battle • Captured in 1430 and charged w/ witchcraft • Condemned as a heretic and burned at stake

  7. Joan of Arc

  8. III. 100 Years War • Results • French victory in 1453 • Political recovery leads to “new monarchies” • France becomes a strong state under Louis XI • 1st Tudor King, Henry VII creates strong royal government in England • Marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand is major step towards the unification of Spain.

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