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Insights into Upper Canada and the Family Compact - 1820s

Explore life in Upper Canada in the 1820s and the influence of the Family Compact. Learn about immigration, social class dynamics, and tensions between the French and English in Lower Canada.

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Insights into Upper Canada and the Family Compact - 1820s

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  1. Upper Canada and the Family Compact

  2. Where was Upper Canada? 1812 • Upper Canada covers modern day southern Ontario • At this time Upper Canada was just a British colony • The country we know as Canada today did not exist 2013 Upper Canada

  3. What do you think Upper Canada was like in the 1820’s? Brainstorm some ideas below: - - - - - -

  4. What Upper Canada was like in the 1820’s: • Few roads • Thick forests with a wide variety of trees and vegetation • Most people were in debt at some point due to the amount of time it took to make a profit from crops • Quiet

  5. Who Came to Upper Canada? Discuss with a partner based on what we have already learned about this subject: Why might so many people have been motivated to leave Europe to come to Upper Canada? What factors do we need to consider? • Almost everyone who came was interested in farming • It was advertised in Europe that there was cheap, quality land available in Canada • Land Speculators: people who bought large chunks of land and sold of sections to make a profit

  6. Social Class • People who immigrated to Upper Canada found that the “Playing Field” was much more level than in Europe  AKA There were not as many class divisions • Initially there was no “cheap labour” or “lower class” to do the dirty work; people relied on each other

  7. The Family Compact • The Family Compact = group of snobby individuals who saw themselves as superior than others • These individuals made up most of the Executive Council, and therefore had control over parts of the government • E.g. Budget, and appointments into power • *Think of the Family Compact as a very exclusive clique Lord Dorchester

  8. Lower Canada

  9. Problems in Lower Canada • French-Canadians living in Lower Canada had a difficult time accepting British rule (especially in the form of an English-speaking Oligarchy style government) • Seigneurial system was still in place This was an old power system where France would give lords and seigneurs land • The common people felt that the church and seigneurs had sold them out for English interests

  10. French v.s. English in Lower Canada • 80,000 English speakers v.s. 420,000 French speakers • 1822 saw an attempt to join Upper and Lower Canada and make English the official language • **The French people saw this as an attack on French society**

  11. On the way to rebellion…. • Reformers were not able to change government or to reduce power of the Chateau Clique (similar to Family Compact in UC) • 3 issues became the focus for reform: 1)Discrimination against the French 2)Unequal taxation 3) Lack of power within government

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