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Gas exchange in Animals

Discover how all animals respire aerobically, exchanging gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide across specialized surfaces like skin, lungs, and gills. Learn about the importance of breathing for facilitating gas exchange and the role of the circulatory system in transporting gases efficiently.

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Gas exchange in Animals

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  1. Gas exchange in Animals Internal 91155 (2.3)

  2. Gas exchange in animals • All animals respire aerobically to release energy needed for cellular processes.

  3. Gas exchange in animals • All animals respire aerobically to release energy needed for cellular processes. • Aerobic respiration needs oxygen and it releases carbon dioxide.

  4. Gas exchange in animals • All animals respire aerobically to release energy needed for cellular processes. • Aerobic respiration needs oxygen and it releases carbon dioxide. • These two gases need to be exchanged across membranes: • Skin cells (in earthworms, some amphibians)

  5. Gas exchange in animals • All animals respire aerobically to release energy needed for cellular processes. • Aerobic respiration needs oxygen and it releases carbon dioxide. • These two gases need to be exchanged across membranes: • Skin cells (in earthworms, some amphibians) • Through specialised organs – eg. Gills (fish) and lungs (reptiles, mammals, birds)

  6. All gas exchange surfaces must be: • Moist – O2 must dissolve before it can diffuse

  7. All gas exchange surfaces must be: • Moist – O2 must dissolve before it can diffuse • Thin – reduces the diffusion distance, making diffusion quicker

  8. All gas exchange surfaces must be: • Moist – O2 must dissolve before it can diffuse • Thin – reduces the diffusion distance, making diffusion quicker • Large in surface area – increases quantity of gases diffused per unit time.

  9. Breathing • Animals need to breathe to facilitate gas exchange.

  10. Breathing • Animals need to breathe to facilitate gas exchange. • Breathing is a physical process, involving muscular contractions to move air or water over the gas exchange surfaces (eg. Alveoli in the lungs)

  11. Breathing • Animals need to breathe to facilitate gas exchange. • Breathing is a physical process, involving muscular contractions to move air or water over the gas exchange surfaces (eg. Alveoli in the lungs) • More rapid gas exchange allows for higher rate of respiration.

  12. Breathing • Animals need to breathe to facilitate gas exchange. • Breathing is a physical process, involving muscular contractions to move air or water over the gas exchange surfaces (eg. Alveoli in the lungs) • More rapid gas exchange allows for higher rate of respiration. • This allows for increased metabolism and increased activity for the animal.

  13. Transport of gases • This takes place through the circulatory system in most animals.

  14. Transport of gases • This takes place through the circulatory system in most animals. • Therefore, gas exchange and transport systems are in close contact.

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