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Skeletal System Notes

The skeletal system, comprising bones and cartilage, forms the body's framework, while the muscular system enables movement. Bones have multiple functions, such as support, protection, and blood cell production. Learn about bone structure, joint types, and tips for maintaining bone health.

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Skeletal System Notes

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  1. Skeletal System Notes

  2. Your body has two organ systems that work together to provide support & help you move– the skeletal system & the muscular system.

  3. The skeletal system is made up of bones & cartilage that for the framework of your body.

  4. The muscular system includes the muscles that help you move & help things inside your body move.

  5. All humans have a stiff internal skeleton made of bone.

  6. The bones of your body have five main jobs–

  7. -to support the body & give it shape

  8. -to protect internal organs -to work with the muscles to move

  9. -to store fat & other minerals (calcium & phosphorus)

  10. -to make blood cells (bone marrow)

  11. A human baby is born with 350 bones, but an adult human has 206 bones.

  12. Bones are made up of mostly calcium & phosphorus.

  13. Bones are very much alive & contain blood vessels & nerve tissue.

  14. Cartilage is a strong flexible connective tissue found at end of bones where they act as a cushion.

  15. Cartilage has no blood cells so it must absorb nutrients from body fluids. (diffusion)

  16. Bones are attached to other bones by connective tissues called ligaments.

  17. A joint is the place where two bones come together & are joined by ligaments to allow bones to move in different ways.

  18. Two types of joints in the body…

  19. Immovable joints allow little or no movement (skull & ribs)

  20. Movable joints that allow a wide range of movement.

  21. Pivot joint • Bones rotate around each other (allows side-to-side motion)

  22. Examples… Neck

  23. Gliding joint • Bones slide over each other (allows you to bend & flex)

  24. Examples… Wrist, ankle, vertebrae (back)

  25. Hinge joint Back-and-forth motion (can only move one direction… unable to twist)

  26. Examples… Knee, elbow, fingers, toes, jaw

  27. Ball & socket joint Rotational or circular motion… greatest range of motion

  28. Examples… Shoulder, hip

  29. The best way to keep your bone healthy are regular exercise & to eat a balanced diet with meats, beans, green leafy vegetables & dairy products.

  30. Osteoporosis is the condition where mineral loss causes bones to become weak & break easily.

  31. Arthritis is pain, stiffness or swelling in the joints.

  32. Cranium Pelvis

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