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AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

AMERICAN IMPERIALISM. UNIT 3. Time to test your memories… . How many empires can you name? What was the “mother country” of those empires? Why did these countries build an empire? Why would a country want one? Major empires around 1900?. Key Terms.

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AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

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  1. AMERICANIMPERIALISM UNIT 3

  2. Time to test your memories…  • How many empires can you name? What was the “mother country” of those empires? • Why did these countries build an empire? Why would a country want one? • Major empires around 1900?

  3. Key Terms • Imperialism: Controlling foreign colonies for a country’s own use • Manifest Destiny: The belief that Americans had the divine right to settle from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Oceans

  4. American Stance on Imperialism • From the Civil War to 1890, America had little interest in territorial expansion • America was not particularly fond of other cultures (remember the Chinese Exclusion Act, Gentleman’s Agreement, immigration, ect.)

  5. Rise of Imperialism Worldwide • By the mid-1890s, a shift had taken place in American attitudes toward expansion  Why? • Between 1870 and 1900, the European powers seized 10 million square miles of territory in Africa and Asia! • About 150 million people were subjected to colonial rule

  6. Reasons for American Imperialism • 1. Economic competition among industrial nations • 2. Political and military competition, including the creation of a strong naval force • 3. A belief in the racial and cultural superiority of people of Anglo-Saxon (white English descent)

  7. Economics • In the United States, a growing number of policy makers, bankers, manufacturers, and trade unions grew fearful that the country might be closed out in the struggle for global markets and raw materials. • By the 1890s, the American economy was increasingly dependent on foreign trade. • A quarter of the nation's farm products and half its petroleum were sold overseas

  8. Sea Power • Alfred Thayer Mahan, a naval strategist and the author of The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, argued that national prosperity and power depended on control of the world's sea-lanes. "Whoever rules the waves rules the world”

  9. Racial Superiority • A belief that the world's nations were engaged in a Darwinian struggle for survival and that countries that failed to compete were doomed to decline also contributed to a new assertiveness on the part of the United States!

  10. Racial Superiority • During the late 19th century, the idea that the United States had a special mission to uplift "backward" people around the world also commanded growing support

  11. War!!! Almost… • During the late 1880s, American foreign policy makers began to display a new assertiveness. The United States came close to declaring war on Germany, Chile, and Great Britain.

  12. Building an Empire • Where can America build an empire? • Caribbean • Hawaii • Pacific Islands

  13. Latin America Fights For Independence

  14. American and Hawaii • In 1893, a small group of sugar and pineapple-growing businessmen, backed by the U.S. military, deposed Hawaii's queen • Seized 1.75 million acres of land, and conspired for U.S. annexation of the islands, which was achieved in 1898 • Hawaii became a state in 1959

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