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Stoichiometry in TWO Steps Part II

Stoichiometry in TWO Steps Part II. Quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Chapter 12 Stoichiometry. Learning Objectives . Today, I will learn… How to describe and state mole ratios (learned in part 1)

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Stoichiometry in TWO Steps Part II

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  1. Stoichiometry in TWO StepsPart II Quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

  2. Chapter 12 Stoichiometry

  3. Learning Objectives • Today, I will learn… • How to describe and state mole ratios (learned in part 1) • How to list steps for stoichiometry problems & solve using mole ratios and a BALANCED chemical equation

  4. Mole RatiosONLY NEW INFORMATION • Must use Balanced chemical equations • Coefficients = number of moles of species

  5. II. Types of Stoichiometry Problems • Mole to Mole • Mole to Mass • Mass to Mole • Mass to Mass • Mole to Volume • Volume to Volume • Volume to Mass

  6. Take it step by step • Bottom line: • Convert from what is given to moles • using mole ratios • and convert moles to what is unknown

  7. Remember from mole conversions (Ch. 10)

  8. Solving Stoichiometry ProblemsHow many grams of Fe2O3are produced when given 0.5 mol Fe? Steps Example 4 Fe(s)+ 3 O2(g)  2 Fe2O3(s) 84 g Fe 84 g Fe 1 mol Fe 1.5 mol Fe 56 g Fe 4. 1.5 mol Fe 2 mol Fe2O3 0.75 mol 4 molFe of Fe2O3 5. 0.75 mol Fe2O3 160 g Fe2O3 120 g 1 molFe2O3 Fe2O3 1. Balance the Equation 2. Write what is given (known) 3. Convert given to molesneeded • gmolUse molar mass (mm) • Lmol Use 22.4 L/ 1 mol at STP 4. Use mole ratio *ONLY STEP FOR COEFFICIENTS* Molewant (4 syllables) Molehave 5. Convert Molewant to unknown (unitwant) • Grams, Liter, Molecules, Particles, etc.

  9. A. Mole to Mole Stoichiometry • How many moles of NO would be produced if 13.8 moles of O2 reacted? 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O Mole Ratio 13.8 mol O2 4 mol NO X = 5 mol O2 11.0 mol NO

  10. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • If 36.1 moles of water were produced, how many moles of oxygen would be needed? Mole Ratio 36.1 mol H2O 5 mol O2 = X 6 mol H2O 30.1 mol O2

  11. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • Find the number of moles of NH3 needed to produce 60.5 moles of NO if enough O2 reacts. Mole Ratio 60.5 mol NO 4 mol NH3 = X 4 mol NO 60.5 mol NH3

  12. B. Mole to Mass Stoichiometry 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • If 20.90 moles of NH3 reacted, how many grams of water would be produced? Mole Ratio 20.90 mol NH3 6 mol H2O 18.02 g H2O = 4 mol NH3 1 mol H2O 564.8 g H2O

  13. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O 2. If 44.32 moles of water were produced, how many grams of oxygen would be needed? Mole Ratio 44.32 mol H2O 5 mol O2 16.00 g O2 = 6 mol H2O 1 mol O2 1182 g O2

  14. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • If enough oxygen reacts with 18.55 moles of NH3, how many grams of NO would be produced? Mole Ratio 18.55 mol NH3 4 mol NO 30.01 g NO = 4 mol NH3 1 mol NO 556.5 g NO

  15. C. Mass to Mole Stoichiometry 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • If 78.25 g of NO were produced, how many moles of NH3 were needed? Mole Ratio 1 mol NO 78.25 g NO 4 mol NH3 = 4 mol NO 32.01 g NO 2.445 mol NH3

  16. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O 2. Whitney needs to produce 655 g of water. How many moles of oxygen does she need? Mole Ratio 1 mol H2O 655 g H2O 5 mol O2 = 18.02 g H2O 6 mol H2O 30.3 mol O2

  17. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O 3. If enough NH3 reacts with the correct amount of O2, how many moles of H2O would be produced if 67.4 g of NO were collected? Mole Ratio 1 mol NO 67.4 g NO 5 mol H2O = 30.01 g NO 4 mol NO 2.81 mol H2O

  18. D. Mass to Mass Stoichiometry 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • If 203.0 grams of water were produced, how many grams of oxygen would be needed? Mole Ratio 5 mol O2 32.00 g O2 203.0 g H2O 1 mol H2O = 6 mol H2O 1 mol O2 18.02 g H2O 300.5 g O2

  19. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • Savannah collected 291 grams of NO in her experiment. How many grams of water were produced? Mole Ratio 6 mol H2O 18.02 g H2O 291 g NO 1 mol NO = 1 mol H2O 4 mol NO 30.01 g NO 262 g H2O

  20. 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O 3. How many grams of O2 are needed to react with 218 g of NH3? Mole Ratio 5 mol O2 32.00 g O2 218 g NH3 1 mol NH3 = 4 mol NH3 17.01 g NH3 1 mol O2 512 g O2

  21. E. Mole to Volume Stoichiometry • What volume of oxygen is necessary to react with 3.33 moles of ammonia? (@STP) 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O Mole Ratio 5 mol O2 3.33 mol NH3 22.4 L O2 = 4 mol NH3 1 mol O2 93.2 L O2

  22. F. Volume to Volume Stoichiometry 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • What volume of oxygen is necessary to react with 2.4 L of ammonia? (@STP) Mole Ratio 1 mol NH3 5 mol O2 2.4 L NH3 22.4 L H2O = 4 mol NH3 1 mol H2O 22.4 L NH3 3.0 L O2

  23. G. Volume to Mass Stoichiometry 4 NH3 + 5 O2 4 NO + 6 H2O • What amount of nitric oxide in grams will be produced if 5.00 L of oxygen at 1 atm and 273 K is mixed with some ammonia? Mole Ratio 1 mol O2 4 mol NO 5.00 L O2 30.01 g NO = 5 mol O2 1 mol NO 22.4 L O2 5.36 g NO Wack-a-mole Minions!!! hahaha

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