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Optimal design of a subsea power grid. T. Trötscher, M. Korpås, J. O. Tande SINTEF Energy Research. Setting and drivers. More exchange capacity between countries Large scale integration of off-shore wind Shore power for oil and gas rigs Scandinavian hydro power for balancing
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Optimal design of a subsea power grid T. Trötscher, M. Korpås, J. O. Tande SINTEF Energy Research
Setting and drivers More exchange capacity between countries Large scale integration of off-shore wind Shore power for oil and gas rigs Scandinavian hydro power for balancing New HVDC technology Take a holistic approach Do not build parallel infrastructure
Hydro power • Reservoirs • Regulating power Wind farm Ekofisk Oil rig ? NORD.LINK / NorGer
The problem to be addressed… …and the challenge to overcome …the number of possible cable configurations grows exponentially with the number of connection points. It is impossible to evaluate all combinations.
Solution • It’s possible to formulate the problem as a standard linear or quadratic optimization program by making some assumptions: • Constant or linear marginal costs • Linear representation of the underlying physical power grid • Stochastic nature of wind power generation and power prices are represented by a random sample of historical data
Results ! 788 mill. EUR 7531 mill. EUR Optimized grid Optimized grid, locked to radial connections Optimized grid without wind power
How large does the random sample need to be? • To take into account the stochastic nature of wind power generation and power prices, the optimization is conducted with regard to a random sample that represent various wind conditions and prices levels. How large must the random sample be? • Convergence for a sample size of 150. Model dependent!
Conclusion • The model provides plausible results • Optimized grid is better than radial solution • Value of wind power is given implicitly • Useful as a decision support tool • Systematic approach • Stepwise grid expansion • Future work • Cost function for cables • Input Result • Sensitivity analysis