1 / 24

Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions. let’s classify. Why Classify Chemical Reactions?. “I wonder what will happen if I light a match in a room full of gasoline vapour ?” What type of reaction do you think will occur? Combustion—exothermic and rapid! How do you know this?.

hunter-everett
Download Presentation

Types of Chemical Reactions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Types of Chemical Reactions let’s classify . . .

  2. Why Classify Chemical Reactions? “I wonder what will happen if I light a match in a room full of gasoline vapour?” What type of reaction do you think will occur? Combustion—exothermic and rapid! How do you know this?

  3. Five Types of Chemical Reactions • Synthesis • Decomposition 3. Combustion 4. Single Displacement 5. Double Displacement let’s look more closely at each type . . .

  4. Synthesis Reactions Occur when two or more elements or compounds combine to form a new substance. These reactions come in the general form of: A + B  AB eg. 8 Fe + S8  8 FeS

  5. Predict the products . . . Na(s) + Cl2(g)  NaCl(s) Al(s) + Br2(l)  AlBr3(s) Fe(s) + Cl2(g)  FeCl3(s)

  6. Mg(s) + O2(g)  MgO(s) Sb(s) + Cl2(g)  SbCl3(s)

  7. P4(s) + O2(g)  P4O10(s) P4O10(s) + HOH(l)  H3PO4(aq) CaO + HOH(l)  Ca(OH)2(aq)

  8. Reactions of Oxides with Water a) Metal oxide + HOH  basic solution eg. Na2O(s) + HOH(l)  NaOH(aq) b) Non-metallic oxide + HOH  acidic solution eg. SO3(g) + HOH(l)  H2SO4(aq)

  9. Write the product(s) of each of the following synthesis reactions Zn(s) + S8(s)  ZnS(s) Zn(s) + O2(g)  ZnO(s) S8(s) + O2(g)  SO2(g)

  10. Synthesis reactions and Acid Precipitation CO2(g) + H2O(l)  H2CO3(aq) S8(s) + O2(g)  (unbalanced) SO2(g) SO2(g) + O2  (unbalanced) SO3(g) SO3(g) + H2O(l)  (unbalanced) H2SO4(aq)

  11. Decomposition Reactions A compound decomposes—or breaks down into its elements or into other compounds. C  A + B A decomp. reaction is the opposite of a synthesis reaction.

  12. Types of Decomposition Rxns • binary cmpd  its elements • metal nitrate  metal nitrite + O2 • metal carbonate  metal oxide + CO2 • metal hydroxide  metal oxide + H2O

  13. Examples NaCl(s)  Na(s) + Cl2(g) KNO3(s)  KNO2(s) + O2 Na2CO3  Na2O + CO2 NaOH  Na2O + H2O

  14. Examples of decomposition reactions 2 HOH(l)  2 H2(g) + O2(g) NH4NO3(s)  N2O(g) + 2 HOH(g) H2O2(aq) (with MnO2(s) catalyst)  HOH(l) + O2(g)

  15. What’s a catalyst? A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction . . . but is not used up in the reaction. A catalyst is present at the beginning and at the end of a chemical reaction. eg. catalytic converter in an automobile’s exhaust system

  16. More examples of decomprxns(with video clips) KClO3(s) + heat  KCl(s) + O2(g) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Xu2YZzufTM (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) + heat  Cr2O3(s) + N2(g) + HOH(g) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mJbcMOa0GA

  17. Are the products of a decomposition reaction stable or unstable compounds? What product(s) have you noticed so far? N2, HOH, KCl, etc These are all stable compounds.

  18. Q: What is Beethoven doing in his grave? A: Decomposing

  19. Combustion Reactions Used for cooking, heat, transportation and more. Complete combustion of a C & H (& O) containing fuel in the presence of sufficient O2 yields CO2 and HOH Incomplete combustion yields C(s) + CO(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)

  20. examples of combustion of C&H(&O) - containing fuels CH3CH2OH(l) + O2(g)  (sufficient O2) CO2(g) + HOH(g) C8H18(l) + O2(g)  incomplete combustion C(s) + CO(g) + CO2(g) + HOH(g) (Incomplete combustion—not enough O2 present) Is it possible to balance this equation?

  21. Here’s an example of just how combustible methane is:

  22. Here’s what happened when we put a balloon full of H2 and O2 on top of a sheet of Al foil in a microwave oven. rxn is: 2 H2(g) + O2(g)  2 H2O(g) + energy

  23. Can also have combustion of elements other than carbon eg. Mg(s) + O2(g)  MgO(s) H2(g) + O2(g)  HOH(g) How else could we classify these reactions? synthesis

  24. Check out this video http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/4nU70a/current.com/entertainment/comedy/90267537_chemical-party.htm

More Related