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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. By: eduardo , jesus , stephanie. Structure and function. Respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages System responsible for taking in oxygen (gas needed by all body cells and removing carbon dioxide

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System By: eduardo, jesus, stephanie

  2. Structure and function • Respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages • System responsible for taking in oxygen (gas needed by all body cells and removing carbon dioxide • Body has 4-6 minutes to supply oxygen so the respiratory system must be continuously working to prevent death.

  3. Nose • Two openings called the nostrils through which air enters. A wall of cartilage (nasal septum) divides the nose into hollow spaces called nasal cavities. • Nasal cavities are lined with mucous membrane. • Mucus produced by mucous membranes moistens the air and helps trap pathogens and dirt

  4. Pharynx Lies directly behind the nasal cavities Air leaves nose and enters pharynx Divided into 3 sections Nasopharynx is the upper portion located behind the nasal cavities Oropharynx is the middle section behind the oral cavity (mouth) Laryngopharynx bottom section. Esophagus carries air to and from lungs off laryngopharynx

  5. Larynx • Voice box. Lies between the pharynx and trachea • 9 layers of cartilage • The largest (thyroid cartilage) called Adams apple. • Two folds called the vocal cords • Air leaves lungs, vocal cords vibrate and produce sound. • Epiglottis closes opening into larynx during swallowing

  6. Trachea • Trachea carries air between Larynx and bronchi • Center of the chest • Trachea divides into two bronchi near center of the chest. Right bronchus and left bronchus

  7. Bronchi Each bronchus enters a lung and carries air from trachea to lung In the lungs the bronchi continue to divide into smaller and smaller bronchi until divided into the smallest branches bronchioles Smallest bronchioles called terminal bronchioles end in air sacs called alveoli

  8. Alveoli Resembles a bunch of grapes Adult lung contains 500 million alveoli Contain rich network of blood capillaries Allow carbon dioxide to be exchanged between the blood and lungs Inner surfaces of lipid substance called surfactant to help prevent from collapsing

  9. Lungs Right lung has 3 sections; the superior, the middle, the inferior Left lung has 2 lobes; superior and inferior Left lung is smaller because the heart is located towards the left side of the chest Each lung enclosed by a membrane called pleura

  10. The pleura Consists of two layers: a visceral attached to the surface of the lung, and a parietal pleura attached to the chest wall Pleural space located between the two layers is filled with a thin layer of pleural fluid that lubricates the membranes and prevents friction of lungs during breathing Both of the lungs, heart and major blood vessels are located in the thoracic cavity

  11. External respiration The exchange of oxygen, and carbon dioxide between the lungs, and the bloodstream. Oxygen, breathed through the Respiratory System, enters the alveoli. Oxygen concentration in the alveoli is higher than oxygen concentration in blood capillaries, Oxygen leaves the alveoli and enters the capillaries, and bloodstream. Carbon dioxide concentration in the capillaries is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration in the alveoli, carbon dioxide leaves the capillaries and enters the alveoli.

  12. Internal respiration Exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream. Oxygen is carried to the tissue cells by the blood. Oxygen concentration in the blood is higher than oxygen concentration in tissue cells, Oxygen leaves the blood and, enters the tissue cells. Carbon dioxide concentration in the tissue cells is higher than carbon dioxide concentration in bloodstream, carbon dioxide leaves the tissue cells and enters the bloodstream.

  13. Cellular respiration Cells use the oxygen and nutrients to produce energy , water, and carbon dioxide.

  14. Diseases

  15. Asthma Asthma is a disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow, leading to shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. Caused by a sensitivity to an allergen such as dust, pollen, an animal fur, or food. Can also be caused by stress, and overexertion.

  16. Bronchitis An inflammation of the branch and the bronchial tubes. It is usually caused by infection, and is characterized by a productive cough, dyspnea , chest pain, and fever.

  17. Emphysema Noninfectious, chronic respiratory condition Occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity.

  18. Epistaxis (Nosebleed) Capillaries in the nose become congested and bleed. It can be caused by an injury or blow to the nurse.

  19. Pneumonia An inflammation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate in the alveoli. Caused by bacteria, viruses, or chemicals.

  20. Professions

  21. Internist Internal medicine Yuri O. Bermudez Md.- 1100 W. Sam Houston (956)702-7054 Blvd. Pharr, 79577 Dr. Sathiyara, George Md. (956) 586-7393 21213 Griffin Pkwy Suitel O. Mission 78572

  22. Thoracic Surgeon Performs operations on the heart, lungs, esophagus, and other organs in the chest. Dr. Jesus Rodriguez- Aguero, MD 906 S Bryan Rd. Suite 206, Mission, TX 78572 (956)682-6126 Dr. Lester M, Dyky MD 1801 S 5th St. suite 215, McAllen, TX 78503

  23. Pulmonologist Specializes in diseases involving the respiratory track. Rivera Juan MD 1912 East Griffin Parkway, Mission, 78572 (956)519-8717 Dr. Adolfo Kaplan, MD 2821 Michael Angelo, Dr. # 303 Edinburg TX 78539 (956)447-5557

  24. Respiratory Therapist Treats people with disorders affecting the cardiopulmonary system such as asthma, emphysema, pneumonia, cardiovascular disorders, and trauma. Humberto Alvaiz 2245 Austin Ave, McAllen, TX 7850 (956)618-4920 Maria D. Lopez, CRT 1431 Evergreen Ave, Mission TX 78572

  25. Test This is going to be a test to test how much attention you have put on the presentation.

  26. Question 1 What is the purpose of the Respiratory System?

  27. Question 2 Where does air enter the body?

  28. Question 3 What does the Trachea do?

  29. Question 4 What do alveoli do?

  30. Question 5 What muscle helps the lungs to breath?

  31. Question 6 What causes Asthma?

  32. Question 7 What is bronchitis?

  33. Question 8 What is the other name for nosebleed?

  34. Question 9 What does an Internist specialize in?

  35. Question 10 What do humans breath?

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