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zoologi vertebrata OLEH : CHANDRA WIDHIKRAMA, S.Pd

zoologi vertebrata OLEH : CHANDRA WIDHIKRAMA, S.Pd. Perkenalan. MATERI PERKULIAHAN. P-1. Orientasi Perkuliahan Zoologi Vertebrata P-2. Cyclostomata P-3. Chondrichthyes P-4. Osteichthyes P-5. Amphibia P-6. P-7. Reptilia. P-8 UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER. P-9. Reptilia

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zoologi vertebrata OLEH : CHANDRA WIDHIKRAMA, S.Pd

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  1. zoologi vertebrataOLEH :CHANDRA WIDHIKRAMA, S.Pd Perkenalan

  2. MATERI PERKULIAHAN P-1. Orientasi Perkuliahan Zoologi Vertebrata P-2. Cyclostomata P-3. Chondrichthyes P-4. Osteichthyes P-5. Amphibia P-6. P-7. Reptilia P-8 UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER P-9. Reptilia P-10. Aves P-11. P-12-16. Mamalia P-17 UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER

  3. CH ORDATA

  4. Chorde = tali, memilikichordadorsalis (padakeadaanembrio, larva, atauseumurhidup yang berkembangdarientoderm primer Padadinding pharynx terdapatadanyasulci (celahinsang) padakeadaan larva, embrioatauseumurhidup Dalamsusunansyarafpusatterdapatrongga (neurocela) Mempunyaicelom (dindingcelomberkembangdariektoderm Padaumumnyamemilikiekorpasca anus yang berotot Dibagimenjadi 4 sub phylum : Hemichordata Urochordata Cephalochordata vertebrata PhylumCHORDATA

  5. CH ORDATA

  6. HEMICHORDATA • Hemichordata • Contoh : Balanoglossus specs • Chordadorsalispendek, anterior jaringansarafdalam epidermis • Badanlunakdanberbentuksilinderseperticacing, dibedakanatas proboscis (seperticonus);collare (berbentukleherbaju);dantruncus (panjangagakpipih) • Amphigoni (fertilisasieksternal), danmonogoni (gonochoris) • Sistem cardiovascular terdiridari sinus dorsalis, truncuslongitudinalis dorsal dan ventral, glomerulus, danfleksus • Dibagimenjadiduakelasdanduaordo : Kelas : EnteroneuptadanPeterobranchia Ordo : CephalodiscoidesdanRhabdopleuridea

  7. UROCHORDATA • Tunicata (Urochordata) • Contoh : Ascidia • Chordadorsalisterdapatdalamekordimasa larva danakhirnyamenghilang, kecualipadaLarvacea • Fertilisasieksternal • Berbentuksilinderataubulatpanjang • Dilaut, sampaipadakedalaman 4803 m • Hidupsoliteratauberkoloni • Tubuhditutupiolehtunika yang terbuatdaricellulosa (tunicin) • Dibagimenjaditigakelas : Larvaceae, Ascidiaceae, Thalliaceae • Makananberupaplangton

  8. UROCHORDATA

  9. CEPHALOCHORDATA • Cephalochordata • Contoh : Amphioxus lanceolatus • Bentuksepertiikan (badanpanjangdgntidakmelebihi 5,8 cm) danmeliputi 30 species • Biasamenguburkandiridalamtanah • Chordadorsalisadaseumurhidupdanmeluasdisepanjangbadan • Gonochoris, dimanahewanjantandanbetinasama • Fertilisasieksternal • Terdiridarisatukelas (Leptocardii)

  10. CEPHALOCHORDATA

  11. CRANIATA Cyclostomata, Merupakanagnathadenganmulutbundar Tidakmemilikianggotabadan yang berpasangan Tidakmemilikilempengpelindungeksternal Reproduksi : sexual, eksternal, gonad satudanbesardilengkapidengansaluran Poikiloterm Otakberkembangdengan 8 atau 10 pasangsyaraf cranial Organ auditory terdiridari 1 atau 2 saluransemicircularis Memilikiduaginjaldengansaluranurogenitalpapila Celahinsang 6 – 14 Tengkorakmelengkungkedalam Mulutventroanteriordansuctorial Bodipanjang, ramping, danbulatdengandaerahekormengecil Hagfish (kelasMyxini) Lamprey (kelasCephalaspidomorphi)

  12. HAGFISHKelas : MYXINI

  13. HAGFISHKelas : Myxini Myxini Tampak samping Tampak bawah

  14. MYXINI Systems Circulatory - Two chambered heart (duaruangjantung) with aortic arches (melengkung) in gill region have accessory hearts in caudal region. Excretory - pronephric with independent mesonephric kidney posteriorly, isosmotic to sea water. Respiratory - 5 to 16 pairs of gills (one pair or more gill openings) Digestive -complete, with no jaws or stomach present Nervous- they have 10 pair of cranial nerves, no cerebellum. Dorsal and ventral nerve roots united. Integumentary- No scales (tanpasisik), skin with slime (kotoran) glands Skeletal - cartilaginous with persistent notochord. Reproductive - both male and female gonads found in some animals, but one one gonad is functional. No larval stage. Life cycle largely unknown Endocrine - pineal gland present, there are islets(pulau) of pancreas cells around the bile (empedu) duct Muscle - myomeres alternate Myxini

  15. LAMPREYSKelas : CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI

  16. Kelas : CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI Lampreys Berbentukbulat Mengambilmakanandengancaramengaitkanmulutbundarnyapadatubuhikan yang hidupkemudianmenusukkanlidahnyauntukmenghisapdarah Hidupdilaut Mata miripcorong Memiliki 7 celahinsang Sebagai larva di air tawar, dandewasadilaut Vertebrata

  17. Lamprey Integumentary- No scales , stratified skin (lapis bertingkat) Skeletal- Cartilaginous, notochord persistent (keras/menetap), no paired appendages. (anggotabadantidakberpasangan) Circulatory- Two chambered heart (duaruangjantung), aortic arches (melengkung) in gill region. Respiratory - seven pairs of gills (tujuhpasanginsang) each with and external opening. Excretory- Mesonephric kidney, hypotonic sea water, have to osmotically and ionic regulate. Nervous- 10 pairs of cranial nerves, dorsal and ventral nerve roots separated, small cerebellum present. Endocrine- pineal structure, pituitary body present, endostyle present in larvae is thyroid gland present in adult. Muscle- short segmental muscles as in other fishes Digestive- complete, no stomach, liver does not have a bile duct, pancreas cluster of cells near liver. Reproductivedioecious, larvae= Ammocoete, look much like amphioxus, are freshwater filter feeders. Cephalaspidomorphi

  18. CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI Ammocoete larvae Juvenal lampreys Adult lamprey mouth with tongue and teeth Adult lamprey - lateral view Lampreys

  19. Hagfish Pacific hagfish resting on bottom280 m depth off Oregon coast Scientific classification • Kingdom :Animalia • Phylum :Chordata • (unranked) :Craniata • Class :Myxini • Order :Myxiniformes • Family :Myxinidae • Genera : EptatretusMyxineNemamyxineNeomyxineNotomyxineParamyxineQuadratus

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