American Association of State Climatologists Annual Meeting July 7-10, 2008 Burlington, Vermont

1. I will be giving some updates to The evolution of climate science & service The role of AASC for integrated climate services That was presented last year Dr. Thomas R. Karl Director, NOAA�s National Climatic Data Center July 17, 2007Coeur d'Alene, Idaho I will be giving some updates to The evolution of climate science & service The role of AASC for integrated climate services That was presented last year Dr. Thomas R. Karl Director, NOAA�s National Climatic Data Center July 17, 2007Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

2. Integrated Climate ServicesBackground Government, state, private sector, academia climate service partnerships currently exists loosely coupled but many gaps exist A strategy is needed for a more comprehensive and integrated approach among the many climate service partners: NOAA offices (NWS/CSD/CPC) RCCs and State Climate Offices Other Federal Agencies Academia Private Sector International Update 2008 � National Climate Services Strategic Planning Analysis options November � February 2008 Strategic Plan Vail June 2008 Roundtable Discussion July and August 2008 NCDC Re-organization � tentative-draft-non-official

3. Climate Services PartnershipsFederal, State, Academia, Private Sector Current gaps in climate services Attributions Impacts Spatial and Temporal Resolution of observations Accuracy of Observing Systems Complexity of multi-disciplinary issues E.g., land use change & climate; confluence of heat waves, drought, poor dispersion/air quality Current Examples of Synergy RISAs: Research to Operation issues RCCs: Year-to-year uncertainty in budget resources Alliance for Earth Observations: GEO efforts ESIP: Assistance with data management NIDIS: An issue specific model to follow for partnerships Update 2008 IPCC and CCSP reports Drought.gov webportal operational Contract Mod RCC Basic � Advanced � Supplemental HCN-M underway CRN almost complete

4. Climate Data Services-Observations NOAA is close to installing the last of the 114 stations in its new, high-tech climate monitoring network that is tracking America�s temperature and precipitation trends. The U.S. Climate Reference Network (CRN), which first began appearing around the United States in late 2002, is on schedule to activate the final 5 stations by early fall Each CRN monitoring station logs real-time measurements of surface temperature, precipitation, wind speed and solar radiation. NOAA�s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites relay the data from these ground-based stations to NCDC, which runs quality control checks and posts the observations online hourly The CRN aims to pinpoint the shifts in America�s changing, often unpredictable, climate � and help scientists make sense of it all. �Anytime climate observations are uncertain, or inconsistent in their quality, it�s tough to gauge what�s really happening. CRN is eliminating the doubts,� Tom Karl There was a Workshop held in Alaska May 2008 on planning deployment of 29 stations in Alaska Reduced FY 08 funding for the Alaska CRN network allows for coordinating and conducting site surveys and one station at Sand Point on the Aleutians is to be installed this year. NOAA is close to installing the last of the 114 stations in its new, high-tech climate monitoring network that is tracking America�s temperature and precipitation trends. The U.S. Climate Reference Network (CRN), which first began appearing around the United States in late 2002, is on schedule to activate the final 5 stations by early fall Each CRN monitoring station logs real-time measurements of surface temperature, precipitation, wind speed and solar radiation. NOAA�s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites relay the data from these ground-based stations to NCDC, which runs quality control checks and posts the observations online hourly The CRN aims to pinpoint the shifts in America�s changing, often unpredictable, climate � and help scientists make sense of it all. �Anytime climate observations are uncertain, or inconsistent in their quality, it�s tough to gauge what�s really happening. CRN is eliminating the doubts,� Tom Karl There was a Workshop held in Alaska May 2008 on planning deployment of 29 stations in Alaska Reduced FY 08 funding for the Alaska CRN network allows for coordinating and conducting site surveys and one station at Sand Point on the Aleutians is to be installed this year.

5. NOAA & State Climate OfficesFormalizing the Partnership Issue NOAA is in the process of defining a �National Climate Services Program� to include the RCCs & SCs Thus, NOAA needs to associate with the appropriate designated State agent for climate services Method NOAA to work with partners in defining the roles of the State Climatologists: Competency � rely on AASC certification Official Designation - State appointment authority e.g., letter from Governor�s Office or Legislative Body Benefits Formalizes the climate service partnership among AASC, State Government, & NOAA Update 2008 Paper-work on all SCO and ARSCOs available at AASC registration in 2008 ARSCO encoded into contracts for HCN-M

6. The relative role of NOAA�s National Climatic Data Center with RCCs and State Climatologist has been evolving�. NCDC manages a full spectrum of climate data (satellite, radar, models). State climatologists have extensive expertise in in-situ, coop and ASOS and mesonets, for example, and there is much expertise in these other data, however that expertise is not evenly shared with all AASC members. This is where our partnerships of RCCs and State Climatologists is so important. Work at the regional and state level NCDC input for the national analysis. Providing climate analysis products State of the Climate Report Monthly Climate Assessments Providing timely climate information to public and decision makers Global and National analysis Rely on information from states and regions to support Sector-Specific Climate Services Data Users Conference focused on Energy, Transportation and Insurance Providing NCDC data in format required by sector users The relative role of NOAA�s National Climatic Data Center with RCCs and State Climatologist has been evolving�.

7. We can talk about national climate services in terms of WHERE the NOAA offices are locatedWe can talk about national climate services in terms of WHERE the NOAA offices are located

8. NOAA �Partnerships� in Climate Or talk about climate services in terms of where the money on climate is spentOr talk about climate services in terms of where the money on climate is spent

9. Climate Services begins with the Customer What really matters in national climate services are the customers we serve�.and we are all in public service�.and we collectively serve all sectors of the economy.What really matters in national climate services are the customers we serve�.and we are all in public service�.and we collectively serve all sectors of the economy.

10. What do our customers want? Most of the customers for satellite data are from .gov Most of the customers for this RCC were from .net Most of the customers for in-situ data were commercialMost of the customers for satellite data are from .gov Most of the customers for this RCC were from .net Most of the customers for in-situ data were commercial

11. Our services are in ever increasing demandOur services are in ever increasing demand

12. This shows 12 million hits at one RCC in a year.This shows 12 million hits at one RCC in a year.

14. NOAA Regional Climate CentersService Research, Education and Outreach Conduct outreach to regional and local decision makers on the use of climate products. Building design (snow loads, soil freezing), Flood management, Irrigation, Pest management Coastal erosion Water management Agriculture Climate change Energy Environment Risk management Transportation Natural hazards This shows about 500,000 customers downloaded data each month from the 6 RCCs last year, roughly the same order-or-magnitude as downloads from NCDC. Goal: Conduct outreach to regional local decision makers and users of climate services products. � Since the development of Regional and State climate information products is driven by stakeholders, this goal is central to the RCC and SCO�s mission. RCCs have worked with decision makers representing fields as diverse as: building design (snow loads, soil freezing), flood management, irrigation and pest management. This shows about 500,000 customers downloaded data each month from the 6 RCCs last year, roughly the same order-or-magnitude as downloads from NCDC. Goal: Conduct outreach to regional local decision makers and users of climate services products. � Since the development of Regional and State climate information products is driven by stakeholders, this goal is central to the RCC and SCO�s mission. RCCs have worked with decision makers representing fields as diverse as: building design (snow loads, soil freezing), flood management, irrigation and pest management.

15. In order to better serve the customer, NCDC has undertaken a reorganization RCCs in customer service Ingest and Analysis CDMP Climate Data Monitoring are the boxes with most interaction with RCCs and AASC members In order to better serve the customer, NCDC has undertaken a reorganization RCCs in customer service Ingest and Analysis CDMP Climate Data Monitoring are the boxes with most interaction with RCCs and AASC members

16. Partnership Liaison Activities Update 2008 RCCs AASC Action Teams National Data Stewardship Team Cross training customer service representatives on NVDI/CPO NCDC ACIS/NowData/CPC products Social-Economic Web Page FAQ Climate Change Fact sheets in draft form � transportation, insurance, energy, health, agriculture (Auto-overload-distribution to RCCs) (FTEs at RCCs) Liaising at national and state levels NWS Sub-regional Climate Services Sacramento CA 01/08, Fargo ND 06/08, Madison WI 05/08, Peachtree City GA 06/07 AASC & CSPM & NDST monthly telecons NWSTC Climate Services Courses:� 09/07 & 12/07 & 02/08 (Climate Portal - not noaa.gov/climate) Starting from the bottom, NCDC brings together the NWS and AASC and RCCs through supporting telephone conferences, giving training on climate services, liaising between the various offices of NWS at national and regional levels and AASC. The items in parenthesis are still under consideration. The idea has been floated of putting in federal employees at RCCs. An automatic switch over based on zip code, for example, to switch customers from NCDC to the RCCs has been discussed. For anyone who has visited the web site noaa.gov/climate, it is obvious that a better means of bringing our �one noaa� clientele to Climate Services is necessary and Eileen Shea has made considerable progress in creating a better climate service web portal in the context of her role as chief of Climate Services at NCDC. A quick glance at that draft can be seen here: http://indeademo.org/climate The social-economic webpages contain a wealth of examples of climate service application in many areas effecting the economy of the U.S. � unique and significant requests or USRs�These can be very useful to you as State Climatologist in making your case to your Dean and in turn to your governor on how significant your services are to the economy of your state http://economics.noaa.gov Starting from the bottom, NCDC brings together the NWS and AASC and RCCs through supporting telephone conferences, giving training on climate services, liaising between the various offices of NWS at national and regional levels and AASC. The items in parenthesis are still under consideration. The idea has been floated of putting in federal employees at RCCs. An automatic switch over based on zip code, for example, to switch customers from NCDC to the RCCs has been discussed. For anyone who has visited the web site noaa.gov/climate, it is obvious that a better means of bringing our �one noaa� clientele to Climate Services is necessary and Eileen Shea has made considerable progress in creating a better climate service web portal in the context of her role as chief of Climate Services at NCDC. A quick glance at that draft can be seen here: http://indeademo.org/climate The social-economic webpages contain a wealth of examples of climate service application in many areas effecting the economy of the U.S. � unique and significant requests or USRs�These can be very useful to you as State Climatologist in making your case to your Dean and in turn to your governor on how significant your services are to the economy of your state http://economics.noaa.gov

17. Regional Climate CentersUpdate 2008 Positioning RCCs in National Climate Services RCC Contract Modifications Basic Regional Climate Services Advanced Regional Climate Services Data � collection � mapping - mesonets Science analysis Outreach � education � Fact Sheets - talks Supplemental Climate Services Data stewardship - BLM � CDMP � NWS support Applied Climatology in GEOSS theme areas � AASC coordination HCN-M reference climate network Added RCC Regional Monthly State of Climate Summary to NCDC National Summary (State input for extreme events temp and precip) (State summaries of significant climate user applications) (Map Events of previous month in climate context) See the updated RCC web page http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/regionalclimatecenters.html With the new document Regional Climate Center Role in National Climate ServicesSee the updated RCC web page http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/regionalclimatecenters.html With the new document Regional Climate Center Role in National Climate Services

18. AASC Action Teams ARSCO�s and RCC�s cooperation. Ted Sammis (NM), Paul Knight (PA) Explore range of communication media to recommend avenues of more frequent communications between RCC�s and their adjoining ARSCO�s. 2. SC ACIS Jim Zandlo (MN), co-chair with Keith Eggleston (NRCC), Jim Angel (IL), George Taylor (OR), Ryan Boyles (NC) and Lesley-Ann Dupingy-Giroux (VT) Develop list of most useful products/queries for SC�s. Develop procedures for making changes in the future. Connect with RCC�s to determine the feasibility and likely costs of implementation. 3. Mesonet Ken Crawford (OK), chair; Scott Archer (BLM), Stu Foster (KY), Ken Hubbard (HPRCC).[switching to kelly Redmond] Review and edit recommendations on siting, metadata, sensors and access for mesonet/modernized legacy cooperative stations. Design recommendations for coop legacy/mesonet for communications, storage and system security. 4. Official Data - Extremes Dennis Todey (SD) chair, Marjorie McGuirk (NCDC), Jeff Andresen (MI), Steve Hilberg (MRCC), Pat Guinan (MO), Mark Schafer (OK) Develop preliminary recommendations to NCDC on how to consider non-NOAA network data as �official�. Consider also which data sets should be stored. 5. Lincoln Accord follow-up Harry Hillaker (IA), chair, Matt Menne (NCDC), Chris Fiebrich (OK), consult with Kelly Redmond (WRCC), Tony Bergantino (WY), and Ken Hubbard (HPRCC) Develop a flexible, mobile principle or method of quality assurance of a variety of data sets. The NCDC liaison activities included working with the AASC Action Teams QA/QC, official data archives so that extreme values could be accessedThe NCDC liaison activities included working with the AASC Action Teams QA/QC, official data archives so that extreme values could be accessed

19. 6a. Strengthen AASC Members - Recommend new MOA between SC�s and NCDC Paul Knight (PA), chair, Derek Arndt (OK), John Young (WI) and Ryan Boyles (NC) Take an inventory of what are the arrangements between SC�s and their Governor�s Office. Propose a new MOA for NCDC that stresses ARSCO qualifications. 6b. Standing Committee for Recommendations on Recertification of ARSCO members Dave Robinson (NJ), chair, Pat Michaels (VA), George Taylor (OR), Jan Curtis (NRCS), John Young (WI), and Jim Angel (IL) Determine necessary components of an ARSCO, absolute minimum requirements, a model ARSCO and the process to become one. Recommend the professional development of ARSCO members. 7. Recommendations on Advocacy of ARSCO and its members Mark Schafer (OK), chair, Mike Anderson (CA), Steve Gray (WY) and Derek Arndt (OK) Develop an advisory plan to advocate ARSCO�s considering a variety of resources, including upper level management from NOAA. Determine potential cost for first level of advocacy. Construct a mentorship plan and its procedures. 8. Inventory of AASC SC/RCC members Paul Knight (PA), co-chair, Nolan Doesken (CO) Identify membership roles and participation on boards, committees, etc. throughout the profession. Compile list of activities, including honors. AASC Action Teams (con�t) NCDC liaison also worked on ways to highlight roles and applications of climatology services NCDC liaison also worked on ways to highlight roles and applications of climatology services

20. Official Data- Update 2008 Meeting June 10 2008- archive protocols and plans for environmental data management across NOAA. DAARWG (data archive and requirements working group) and the data center directors NOAA Data Centers, Centers of Data Discuss a new framework for NOAA archive architecture to include a new appraisal and approval process What to Archive procedure internal NOAA team for final review Constituent review to follow Future NOAA website for public comments� The role of public and private sector has also been evolving� The more rigorous the observation system and the longer the time span of activity, the larger the scope of NOAA involvement. Conversely, the less rigorous and shorter, the more opportunities of private enterprise in the climate business.The role of public and private sector has also been evolving� The more rigorous the observation system and the longer the time span of activity, the larger the scope of NOAA involvement. Conversely, the less rigorous and shorter, the more opportunities of private enterprise in the climate business.

21. A New QA/QC Approach for Daily Data GHCN-Daily as the foundation GHCN = Global Historical Climatology Network Tmax, Tmin, Precipitation, Snowfall/depth >23,000 temperature and >40,000 precipitation stations Operational dataset, currently available via FTP Dozens of data sources fully integrated U.S. Cooperative Summary of the Day (DSI-3200, 3206) U.S. First Order and ASOS (DSI-3210, 3211, 3505, 6407) Numerous international collections (including GSN) Twice per day updates for ~9000 stations from four sources (HPRCC, DSI-3201, Environment Canada, and GSOD) Contributed by Dr. Russ VoseContributed by Dr. Russ Vose

22. Suite of complementary Q/A reviews Focus on the most egregious errors Internal consistency and frequent-value checks Temporal and spatial consistency checks At least a dozen tests per variable Performed in a deliberate sequence Rigorous evaluation of each check Durre, I., M.J. Menne, and R.S. Vose. 2008. Strategies for evaluating quality assurance procedures. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (in press) No check has a false positive rate >20% Less than 1% of all values are flagged (excluding �shifters�) Science-Based Quality Assurance Contributed by Dr. Russ Vose: Addressing questions on long-term climate data: - Long-term surface observing station data have several problems such as changing instrumentation, changing time of day the instruments are read, and changes in station location. - Several scientists at NCDC have dedicated much of their professional careers to develop techniques to adjust the time series to account for these problems (homogeneity adjustments). Numerous evaluation studies have indicated that they do quite a good job. - Two analysis examined differences in long-term trends between stations with good current siting and stations with poor siting, (one paper published and one recently submitted), and they found essentially no difference. This makes some physical sense because each station experienced the same number of cold fronts per year, etc. - The worst thing for the climate record would be to move all the stations with poor siting at the same time (as neighbor comparisons are used in the adjustment system). Indeed, an Austrian climatologist friend is working hard to keep a station (Kremsm�nster) with very poor siting (on the north wall of an unheated building) because it has had that exact same poor siting since 1767. - The HCN Modernization, is designed to systematically improve long-term climate stations, ensure good siting and speed transmission of the data. Finding places to put stations that are unlikely to experience any environmental change (e.g., no growth of trees causing shading and decreases in winds, no new construction, and no change in nearby agriculture) is difficult. But our experience siting the U.S. Climate Reference Network stations will help. Contributed by Dr. Russ Vose: Addressing questions on long-term climate data: - Long-term surface observing station data have several problems such as changing instrumentation, changing time of day the instruments are read, and changes in station location. - Several scientists at NCDC have dedicated much of their professional careers to develop techniques to adjust the time series to account for these problems (homogeneity adjustments). Numerous evaluation studies have indicated that they do quite a good job. - Two analysis examined differences in long-term trends between stations with good current siting and stations with poor siting, (one paper published and one recently submitted), and they found essentially no difference. This makes some physical sense because each station experienced the same number of cold fronts per year, etc. - The worst thing for the climate record would be to move all the stations with poor siting at the same time (as neighbor comparisons are used in the adjustment system). Indeed, an Austrian climatologist friend is working hard to keep a station (Kremsm�nster) with very poor siting (on the north wall of an unheated building) because it has had that exact same poor siting since 1767. - The HCN Modernization, is designed to systematically improve long-term climate stations, ensure good siting and speed transmission of the data. Finding places to put stations that are unlikely to experience any environmental change (e.g., no growth of trees causing shading and decreases in winds, no new construction, and no change in nearby agriculture) is difficult. But our experience siting the U.S. Climate Reference Network stations will help.

23. Additional bells and whistles (tentative dates) Spatial regression test (September 2008) Teleconference with RCCs and SCs (October 2008) New �shifter� test (November 2008) Forts data and MRCC COOP data (December 2008) Other variables (September 2009?) CDO access (December 2009?) For more information http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/ghcn-daily/ Contact: Russell.Vose@noaa.gov BAMS manuscript on GHCN-Daily (draft by September 2008) JAMC manuscript on Q/A (draft by December 2008) The Near Future Contributed by Dr. Russ Vose Contributed by Dr. Russ Vose

24. National Data Stewardship TeamNCDC, NWS (CSPM CPM CSD) AASCActivities & Issues QA/QC Monthly temp average techniques F6 � ACIS � LCD � nowdata � CDO CRN � HCN-M � New England Original vs Edited Value Integrated Surface Data � Climate Data Online ACIS Hail in snowfall column QC Limits in WxCoder III Extreme Values ThreadEx Non-NOAA data source Official vs not-official Archive vs data storage Reference Networks CRN HCN-AL HCN-Modernization project SEBN The National Data Stewardship Team, which includes many State Climatologists as members, addressed many issues this past yearThe National Data Stewardship Team, which includes many State Climatologists as members, addressed many issues this past year

25. http://www.economics.noaa.gov/?goal=climate&file=users/ This web page contains hundreds of examples of applications of climatology�.stories of how NCDC customers used the data, the applications of the data, what problems were customers trying to solve�.State Climatologist are welcome to extract from this to tell their own stories when they advocate within their own organizations http://www.economics.noaa.gov/?goal=climate&file=users/ This web page contains hundreds of examples of applications of climatology�.stories of how NCDC customers used the data, the applications of the data, what problems were customers trying to solve�.State Climatologist are welcome to extract from this to tell their own stories when they advocate within their own organizations

26. As we move forward, we will welcome AASC participation in the Climate Services Web PortalAs we move forward, we will welcome AASC participation in the Climate Services Web Portal

27. Climate Services Partnerships collaboration between NCDC & AASC Re-iterate - NCDC is prepared to Pay publications page charges when NCDC is co-author Share professional graphics and scientific diagrams and charts Consider appointing ARSCO members as IPA appointments in-house Provide a phone bridge for ARSCO meetings that involve NCDC members Provide a summary of areas of expertise of NCDC scientists for possible collaboration Through the RCCs provide IT support for climate services, Web site support, and in particular Mapping, and scACIS. Update 2008 � New role for AASC collaboration? Cooperation on the Climate Services Web Portal Education & Outreach � Simple linking from state institutions to SCOs, RCCs and NCDC Reporting of Climate Extremes as they occur to RCCs for the monthly climate monitoring Where do we go this coming year? Extremes and significant climate events from all your states are a part of that record�work at the regional and state level provides NCDC input to do the national analysis. Regional Climate Centers provide climate summaries of the states in their respective regions�and these summaries become part of NOAA�s monthly press release and part of the State of the Climate Report. Just last month, for example, with the great mid western floods, the news media presented a view of the floods in the historic context � with a comparison to the floods of 1993 � and that view- the maps and graphs made available to the public and to FEMA, was made possible through the combined efforts of NOAA�s offices at WFOS, at NCDC, and at the Midwestern Regional Climate Center, with a lot of input from State Climatologists as well. Where do we go this coming year? Extremes and significant climate events from all your states are a part of that record�work at the regional and state level provides NCDC input to do the national analysis. Regional Climate Centers provide climate summaries of the states in their respective regions�and these summaries become part of NOAA�s monthly press release and part of the State of the Climate Report. Just last month, for example, with the great mid western floods, the news media presented a view of the floods in the historic context � with a comparison to the floods of 1993 � and that view- the maps and graphs made available to the public and to FEMA, was made possible through the combined efforts of NOAA�s offices at WFOS, at NCDC, and at the Midwestern Regional Climate Center, with a lot of input from State Climatologists as well.

28. Climate Services Partnerships collaboration between NOAA & AASC Roles State Climatologists* in the broader NOAA context Climatologists for community, county, state-wide boards & tasks teams Natural trust establishing administrative, economic, social and legal linkages between climate information sources and local needs Listen Locally, then Act Locally** Preferred sources of climate information for state laws and regulations wrt climate Advise the governor drought status impact of several climate scenarios on mountain snowpack accumulation and melt Impacts on irrigated agriculture evaluate changing risks of extreme precipitation Update 2008? Many suggestions on the AASC list New Members on AASC Exec Council *Mark Shafer 2007 AMS � Second look at AASC vision statement on climate services in 2003 that harmonized with the NRC's "Climate Services Vision" document. **Comments collected from AASClist - Phil Mote WA, Deke Arndt & Ken Crawford OK, Mark Shafer, Nancy Selover AZ, Pao-Shin Chu HI, Dennis Todey SD, Michael Anderson CA, Jim Angel IL, Dave Stooksbury, Jan Curtis NRCS Many examples of future collaboration between AASC and NOAA offices were collected from comments on the AASClist � none of which have been explored � yet. Phil Mote WA, Deke Arndt & Ken Crawford OK, Mark Shafer, Nancy Selover AZ, Pao-Shin Chu HI, Dennis Todey SD, Michael Anderson CA, Jim Angel IL, Dave Stooksbury, Jan Curtis NRCS bringing national-level expertise to state-level expertise free science training events for SCOs (perhaps piggybacked on the AASC meeting the way AMS has short courses) detection and attribution new developments in seasonal forecasting seed/matching grants for state-level or multi-state applied research to meet a stated user need Continue State Climate Exchange Program (SCEP) with NCDC Begin SCEP with other NOAA and non-NOAA facilities (ESRL, GFDL, NCAR) provide dial-an-expert collaboration in areas where SCO need support � and incentives within NOAA to do rapid research in response to user needs Regional modeling on high-performance computers, MM5, WRF, downscaling of the GCC model predictions Expand Satellite data access SCs, extension, WFOs, as "available service outlets". Many examples of future collaboration between AASC and NOAA offices were collected from comments on the AASClist � none of which have been explored � yet. Phil Mote WA, Deke Arndt & Ken Crawford OK, Mark Shafer, Nancy Selover AZ, Pao-Shin Chu HI, Dennis Todey SD, Michael Anderson CA, Jim Angel IL, Dave Stooksbury, Jan Curtis NRCS bringing national-level expertise to state-level expertise free science training events for SCOs (perhaps piggybacked on the AASC meeting the way AMS has short courses) detection and attribution new developments in seasonal forecasting seed/matching grants for state-level or multi-state applied research to meet a stated user need Continue State Climate Exchange Program (SCEP) with NCDC Begin SCEP with other NOAA and non-NOAA facilities (ESRL, GFDL, NCAR) provide dial-an-expert collaboration in areas where SCO need support � and incentives within NOAA to do rapid research in response to user needs Regional modeling on high-performance computers, MM5, WRF, downscaling of the GCC model predictions Expand Satellite data access SCs, extension, WFOs, as "available service outlets".

29. xmACIS (NWS Field Office Use) Applied Climate Information System Data query tool for NWS local climate research/local product development, and to answer customer climate record inquiries Complete historical climate database with near real-time update agACIS (Custom data and products for the NCRS) NOWData (Customer Use) Self-service tool Subset of xmACIS Free, limited access For current year and Normals Portal for ACIS and NCDC information ThreadEx (Open Use) Consistent daily temperature and precipitation extremes Datzilla (Partner Use) Data discrepancy reporting 400 registered NOAA users WxCoder III (COOP Use) Internet observation entry system As we look towards the future, let�s take examples from the successes of the pastAs we look towards the future, let�s take examples from the successes of the past