1 / 30

Genetic Diseases

Genetic Diseases. 1.Sickle Cell Anemia 2. Malaria and its link with Sickle Cell 3. Cystic Fibrosis 4. Huntington's 5. Tay-Sachs 6. Phenylketonuria 7. Hemophilia 8. Color blindness.

imogene-ferguson
Download Presentation

Genetic Diseases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Genetic Diseases 1.Sickle Cell Anemia 2. Malaria and its link with Sickle Cell 3. Cystic Fibrosis 4. Huntington's 5. Tay-Sachs 6. Phenylketonuria 7. Hemophilia 8. Color blindness In a group of 4 you will research ONE disease and on the final day of this cycle you will present your findings to the class. There will be NO FREE TIME….any time left over at the end of class will be devoted to your research. You will research the description of the disease(2pts), the signs and symptoms(4pts), how it is treated(2pts) and if it is sex-linked or autosomal linked(2pts). Total 10 points

  2. In a group of 4 you will research ONE disease • There will be NO FREE TIME….any time left over at the end of class will be devoted to your research. • DUE OCT 30, you will have 5-7 minutes per presentation Your Power Point must include: • the description of the disease(2pts), the signs and symptoms(4pts), how it is treated(2pts) if it is sex-linked or autosomal linked(2pts) You must include 3 picture (3 pts) 1 personal story about a person afflicted with this disease (2 pts) Study guide (5 pts) Total 20 points (points will be deducted from YOUR score if you talk while you disrupt the class and/or if you don’t know your diseases)

  3. Bell Ringer Tell me what you know about the following: Mendel Punnett Square Homozygous Heterozygous Recessive Trait Dominant Trait

  4. Father of GeneticsMendel • Austrian Monk • Studied heredity (passing traits or characteristics from parent to offspring or progeny) • Pea Plants

  5. Vocab Words-examples of vocab words are on next 2 slides • Zygote- fertilized cell • Recessive- “r” disappears • Dominant- “R” observed • Homozygous- same RR or rr • Heterozygous- different Rr • Genotype- your genes= RR or rr or Rr • Phenotype- How you look • Alleles- form of the gene • Law of segregation- everyone has the same genes….each gene has two alleles….you will receive one allele from each parent (monohybrid) • Law of independent assortment- every allele separates….so seed texture and color are separate (dihybrid)

  6. Monohybrid Male Female

  7. Dihybrid

  8. Practice-Worksheet • http://intgrunits.olivet.edu/internal/Gene/Final%20Project%20Assignments/IA2.doc • INCLUDE PROBABILITY and we will also go backwards (use data to determine parental genotype) • Print one for each student • TAKE HOME to FINISH

  9. Bell Ringer- EOC Question Hitchhiker’s thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker’s thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker’s thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker’s thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children?

  10. More EOC Punnett Square Stuff This chart shows the results of several crosses with white-feathered chickens and dark-feathered chickens. White × White White × White White × Dark Dark × Dark Cross Parental Feather Colors Offspring Feather Colors Which cross would be represented as Aa × aa, where (A) represents a dominant allele and (a) represents a recessive allele? A Cross 1 B Cross 2 C Cross 3 D Cross 4 100% White 75% White, 25% Dark 50% White, 50% Dark 100% Dark

  11. Practice-Online short-complete as a class • http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078778066/student_view0/chapter5/math_practice.html Sometimes the Punnett Squares are not so clear cut

  12. Co-dominance (AB blood) Multiple alleles trait controlled by more than 2 alleles(not AB blood but ABO bloodIncomplete Dominance (Red and White make Pink) So what is A+?...What does it mean? Snapdragon flowers…look at other possible Punnett Squares

  13. Co-Dominance and Multiple allele-individual one copy per person http://www2.fcsconline.org/staff/ferrisa/Biology/Codominance%20Multiple%20alleles%20worksheet.pdf

  14. EOC Questions-Co-dom, Incomp Dom and Mult Allele-end of class Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood? A one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type A blood B one parent with type AB blood, and the other parent with type O blood C one parent with heterozygous type A blood, and the other parent with type O blood D one parent with homozygous type A blood, and the other parent with homozygous type B blood

  15. Bell Ringer- EOC Question In a particular species of plants, when the soil pH is greater than 7, blue flowers are produced. However, when the soil pH is less than 7, pink flowers are produced. Which statement best explains the color change in the plant? A Multiple alleles determine the color of the flowers. B The change in flower color is a result of a mutation. C Polygenic inheritance produces the different flower colors. D The environment influences the expression of the gene for flower color.

  16. Karyotype Male or Female? 1. Down Syndrome 2. Turner Syndrome 3. Klinefelter’s 4. Trisomy 13

  17. Abnormal Karyotype- Down Syndrome Trisomy 21...Down Syndrome… Male or Female?

  18. Abnormal Karyotype-Turner Syndrome This should be XX…but with a missing X the female will not have the correct amount of estrogen…this will limit the sexual reproduction…..this happened because of non-disjunction during Meiosis. A mom or dad had an egg or sperm with 22 chromosome and no sex chromosome. Can this be treated?

  19. Abnormal Karyotype- Klinefelter’s Less muscle mass, broader hips, larger breast, weaker bones, not enough testosterone. Can this be treated?

  20. Abnormal Karyotype- Trisomy 13

  21. EOC Question • Which genetic abnormality can be identified through karyotyping? • A point mutation • B recessive allele • C extra chromosome • D sex-linked allele

  22. Polygenic TraitsBell Ringer…COPY THIS • Sometimes more than one gene controls a trait. Since genes contain alleles….then this would mean that more than one set of alleles would control a trait. Examples: skin, hair, eye color • So we construct a graph to determine which phenotype is most expressed.

  23. MATERIALS/RESOURCES • One Answer sheet for teacher • six pennies per group • Per student: • tables • questions • graph paper • ruler • Pre-activities • Students should understand simple Mendelian genetics. • Activities • Each group will carefully flip all six coins on the lab table. • Record the number of heads and tails that result from the flip in table 1. • Continue to flip the six coins and continue to record the number of heads and tails that result from the flip until table 1 is complete. • Complete table 2 by adding up the number of times the following situations occurred. • 0 Tails and 6 Heads • 1 Tail and 5 Heads • 2 Tails and 4 Heads • 3 Tails and 3 Heads • 4 Tails and 2 Heads • 5 Tails and 1 Head • 6 Tails and 0 Heads • Record your results from table 2 on the board with the class results. • Record the class results in table 2. • Construct a bar graph from the class data. The number of heads and tails will go on the X axis (the independent variable), while the number of times the situation occurred will go on the Y axis (the dependent variable). • Answer the questions. • Assessment • 5 points for table 1 • 5 points for table 2 • 10 points for the graph • 20 points for the questions • Supplemental information • Polygenic traits are traits that are controlled by more than one gene, i.e. height, weight, hair color, skin color (basically, anything that deals with size, shape and color). This allows for a wide range of physical traits. For example, if height was controlled by one gene A and if AA= 6 feet and Aa = 5 feet 7 inches and aa= 5 feet, then people would be one of three different heights. Since height is controlled by more than one gene, a wide range of heights is possible. • Once the pennies have been handed out (six for each group) and the procedures have been reviewed, the teacher will put a class result table on the board, so that the class can collect the data. Each group will record the number of times the following situations occurred when the pennies were flipped. http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/3070

  24. Bell Ringer EOC Question One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria? A 0% B 50% C 75% D 100%

  25. What does it mean to have a sex linked disease? Why are males more likely to express a sex-linked trait?

  26. Pedigree • A Pedigree is a map of inheritance that will show us sex linked or autosomal linked traits…there are Y-linked which will ONLY show in Males Heterozygous Recessive….show better picture Death

  27. How can I tell if it is autosomal or sex-linked • Usually is it is sex-linked it will only show up in one sex • Autosomal will show up in both…Usually • Y-linked will only show up in Males • If all else fails look at your MC answers

  28. Pedigree Practice • Class Practice Pedigree Problems • Pedigree Problem Worksheet-Easy • http://www.zerobio.com/drag_gr11/pedigree11_flash.htm - Online Practice • Pedigree Problem – Hard (3a and 3b) http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol1128.htm

  29. Bell Ringer – EOC Question Pull up # 31 on Released Exam

  30. Practice-Online Very long • http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/geneprob.htm

More Related