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Environmental Impact Modeling of Food and Non-Food Crop Management for EU25

Environmental Impact Modeling of Food and Non-Food Crop Management for EU25. Erwin Schmid University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU) European Non-Food Agriculture (ENFA) EU-Project kick-off meeting Hamburg, 10 May 2005. Outline. Objective EPIC Model

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Environmental Impact Modeling of Food and Non-Food Crop Management for EU25

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  1. Environmental Impact Modeling of Food and Non-Food Crop Management for EU25 Erwin Schmid University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU) European Non-Food Agriculture (ENFA) EU-Projectkick-off meeting Hamburg, 10 May 2005

  2. Outline • Objective • EPIC Model • Hydrological Response Units - HRU • Spatial and temporal representation of EU25 • Link to EUFASOM

  3. Objective: ENFA Components Climate Data Topo Data Soil Data Management Data Traditional Agricultural Technologies Non-Food Technologies / Engineering Models Production factors Simulation of Environmental Field Impacts with EPIC Forest Inventory and Management Alternatives Resource Endowments Microeconomic Models and Analyses Existing and Potential Agricultural or Other Policies Industry Demands Fully Integrated Model

  4. EPIC is part of a model family Field Scale: EPIC Environmental Policy Integrated Climate Watershed Scale APEXAgricultural Policy Environmental eXtender SWATSoil Water Assessment Tool

  5. EPIC simulates many Processes: Weather: generated or actual Hydrology:evapotranspiration, runoff, percolation, 5 PET equations,... Erosion:wind and water, 7 erosion equations Carbon sequestration:plant residue, manure, leaching, sediment,... Crop growth:NPK uptake, stresses, yields,N-fixation,... Fertilization:application, runoff, leaching, mineralization, denitrification, volatilization, nitrification,... Tillage: mixing, harvest efficiencies,... Irrigation and furrow diking,... Drainage:depth,... Pesticide: application, movement, degradation,... Grazing:trampling, efficiency,... Manureapplication and transport,... Crop rotations: inter-cropping, weed competition, annual and perennial crops, trees,... on a daily time step

  6. EPIC Input data 4 major components: • Weather • Soil • Topography • Crop Rotation / Management

  7. EPIC Input data - Weather • actual daily weather or/and generated • Tmin, Tmax, Precipitation, Solar Radiation,Wind Speed, Relative Humidity(for Penman/Monteith) • monthly statistics (long run daily weather) • mean • standard deviation • skew coefficient for daily precipitation • probability of a wet day after a wet day • probability of a wet day after a dry day • average rain days • wind speed?!?

  8. EPIC Input data - Soil • up to 10 soil layers • essential: • Soil Albedo • Hydrological Soil Group (A, B, C, D) • for each layer: • Sand Content (%) • Silt Content (%) • Soil pH • Organic Carbon Content (%) • Calcium Carbonate Content (%) • Bulk density of layer, moist (t/m3) • Coarse Fragment Content (vol%)

  9. EPIC Input data - Topography • average field size (ha) • slope length (m) • slope steepness (m/m) • elevation • latitude/longitude

  10. EPIC Input data - Management • Crop rotation (crops, grass/legumes, trees) • date of planting • date, type, & amount of fertilization (kg/ha) • date & amount of irrigation (mm/ha) • date & amount of pesticides (kg/ha of active ingredients) • date of tillage operation (plough, harrow spike, field cultivator, thinning,...) • date of harvesting (expected yield), grazing,...

  11. INSEA:Data for HRU delineation in EU25

  12. management related parameters INSEA-Concept:HRU delineation slow changing physical parameters

  13. 1k-based HRUdelineation Elevation classes: 1 – 0-300 m lowland 2 – 300-600 m upland 3 – 600-1100 m high mts. 4 – > 1100 m very high mts. Depth to rock classes: 1 – shallow (< 40 cm) 2 – moderate (40-80 cm) 3 – deep (80-120 cm) 4 – very deep (>120 cm) HRU intersect Volume of stones: 1 – without 2 – moderate 3 – stony Texture classes: 1 – coarse 2 – medium 3 – medium fine 4 – fine 5 – very fine 6 – no texture 7 – rock 8 – peat Slope classes: Climate: Annual rainfall

  14. Altitude: • < 300 m • 300-600 m • > 600 m • Stoniness: • Low content • Medium content • High content Delineated coverage • Texture: • Coarse • Medium • Medium-fine • Fine • Very fine intersect • Soil Depth: • shallow • medium • deep

  15. Delineated coverage DE13 1 km ESRI GRID Database Zone Processing specific per Land Categories Dataset of input parameters specific for NUTS2 and Land categories

  16. PTF Rules Processing in MS ACCESS Dataset of input parameters specific for NUTS2 and Land categories EPIC INPUT DATABASE for soil and topography parameters

  17. INSEA-Concept:Spatial and Temporal HRU-Representation for EU25 Country Country Country level FASOM weighing of effects of landuse shares in NUTS II NUTS II level Farm1 Farm2 Farm3 Farm4 Farm5 AROPAj weighing of HRU effects by crop, soil, and landuse shares Field Level (HRU) EPIC temporal: weather (30 yr) spatial: soil topography management site specific effects on yield and environmental indicators (carbon seq., N, sediment transport) in kg/ha

  18. Discussion:Non-Food CropManagement • In EPIC, crops are specified with 56 parameters • About 130 crops/trees are specified in the EPIC crop file. • Miscanthus, Switchgrass, Red Canary Grass • Willow, Poplar, Eucalyptus, Kenaf • Jim Kiniry (ALMANAC model) USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Lab, Temple, TX

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