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THE ROAD TO REVOLUTION 1763-1776. The French and Indian War as a catalyst. The Principal of Mercantilism. Philosophy of Colonial Economies Favorable balance of power Mother country self-sufficient Navigation Acts, 1650s Enumerated Articles List Salutary Neglect practiced by England
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THE ROAD TO REVOLUTION1763-1776 The French and Indian War as a catalyst
The Principal of Mercantilism • Philosophy of Colonial Economies • Favorable balance of power • Mother country self-sufficient • Navigation Acts, 1650s • Enumerated Articles List • Salutary Neglect practiced by England • Four major wars in Europe, 1600s-1700s • Walpole: colonial self-reliance • Massive smuggling
Western Colonists Protest Eastern Control • Paxton Boys (1764) • Pennsylvania Quakers • Regulator Movement (1771) • Inadequate representation for taxation (NC) • Shades of Bacon and Leisler’s, 1600s • Future: Shays and Whiskey Rebellions
The End of Salutary Neglect, 1763 • French and Indian War • Beginnings in the colonies • Bankrupt treasury • George Grenville and King George III • Enforcement of Navigation Acts • Admiralty Courts • Writs of Assistance • Proclamation of 1763 • Pontiac’s Rebellion
Three British Laws lead to Revolution • Grenville’s Policies • Currency Act, Sugar Acts, Quartering Act • The Stamp Act, 1764 • Direct taxation • Virginia Resolves • Stamp Act Congress, 1765 • Boycott, non-importation of goods • Sons of Liberty • External vs. Internal, Direct vs. Indirect • Declaratory Act
Townshend Acts, 1767 • Import Duty on glass, lead, paper, silk, and tea • Pay Royal Governors salary • John Dickinson, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania • No right to levy taxes for revenue only • Massachusetts Circular Letter, 1768 • Repeal the acts (Adams and Otis) • Boston “Massacre” • Colonial propaganda • Gaspee Incident, 1771 • British warship…burned by “Indians” • Committees Correspondence • Spread propaganda, intercolonial
The Tea Crisis and the First Continental Congress • The Tea Act, 1773 • British East India Company • Boston Tea Party • “Intolerable” Acts (Coercive Acts) • Boston Port, Massachusetts Assembly, Quartering • Quebec Act * • The First Continental Congress, 1774 • Suffolk Resolves: The Association, Declaration and Resolves
Lexington and Concord, April 1775“Shot Heard ‘Round the World” • General Gage marches to Lexington • “April Morn” • Paul Revere and William Dawes • British Strengths and Weaknesses • Population • $$ • Finished goods • Slaves and Indians • Professional Army, had to win • American Strengths and Weaknesses • Leadership • Economy • Militiamen • Moral cause • Colonial disunity • Morale