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IONS

IONS. An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of electrons and protons of at least one atom in the molecule are not equal. Know your groups. Now that we know how atoms gain and lose electrons we can predict how and with what elements will combine

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IONS

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  1. IONS • An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of electrons and protons of at least one atom in the molecule are not equal.

  2. Know your groups • Now that we know how atoms gain and lose electrons we can predict how and with what elements will combine • Ionic bonding is always between a metal and non metal

  3. Positive and Negative ions • Cations are positive Ions • Anions are negative ions

  4. Valence electrons • The Octet Rule is a tendency of atoms in molecules to have eight electrons in their valence shells. (Two for hydrogen atoms.) The octet rule is a general rule, but is not followed by all molecules.

  5. Ionic bonds • When a non metal and metal combine to make an ionic bond, electrons are transferred. • This means that in the making of Ionic molecules like NaCl ions are produced • This is demonstrated by salt water and electricity

  6. Ionic bonds • Named so because Ions are produced in the formation of these metal and non metal compounds • Once you know the valences of the elements you can figure out how those elements combine

  7. Ionic Naming

  8. Ionic naming

  9. Molecular bonding • This is bonding between two non-metals • This is also called covalent bonding • Here atoms / elements share electrons instead of give them away or take them

  10. Molecular = covalent • Covalent Bonds are chemical bonds formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms. The nuclei of two different atoms are attracting the same electrons. Therefore, unlike ionic bonds where an electron is moved from one atom to another the electrons are shared.

  11. Molecular naming • Molecular naming is easier, but the bonding can be a bit more difficult

  12. mono- 1 hepta- 7 di- 2 octa- 8 tri- 3 nona- 9 tetra- 4 deca- 10 penta- 5 undeca- 11 hexa- 6 dodeca- 12 Prefixes return

  13. Example #1-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound Sulfur trioxide 1. Write symbols of elements S O 1 3 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  14. Example #2-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound dichlorineheptaoxide 1. Write symbols of elements Cl O 2 7 2. Write number of atoms Final Formula

  15. Example #3-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound oxygendifluoride 1. Write symbols of elements O F 1 2 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  16. Example #4-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound dinitrogentetraoxide 1. Write symbols of elements N O 2 4 2. Write number of atoms Final Formula

  17. Example #5-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound phosphorus pentachloride 1. Write symbols of elements P Cl 5 1 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  18. Example #6-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound dinitrogen monoxide 1. Write symbols of elements N O 1 2 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  19. Example #7-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound carbon monoxide 1. Write symbols of elements O C 1 1 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  20. Example #8-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound sulfur hexafluoride 1. Write symbols of elements F S 1 6 2. Write number of atoms If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written Final Formula

  21. Example #10-Names to Formulas I’m a Binary Compound dinitrogen trisulfide 1. Write symbols of elements N S 2 3 2. Write number of atoms Final Formula

  22. Examples #1- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements CCl4 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound chlor mono carbon tetra ide ine If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written Final Name

  23. Examples #2- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements XeF3 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound ide fluor mono xenon ine tri If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written Final Name

  24. Examples #4- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements AsI3 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound ine iod mono arsenic tri ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written Final Name

  25. Examples #6- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements IF5 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound fluor penta ine ide mono iodine If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written Final Name

  26. Examples #8- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements N2S5 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound nitrogen di sulf penta ur ide Final Name

  27. Examples #9- Formulasto Names 1. Write names of elements SiCl4 2. Write number of atoms I’m a Binary Compound ide chlor tetra ine mono silicon If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written Final Name

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