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Ilan Havered, Vice President

Emergency Operations Need Synchronized Time. Ilan Havered, Vice President. Hard Problems in Public Safety. Critical need for better collaboration (post 9/11) Interoperability: Local PD, FD, 911; State; DHS, DoD Critical need for faster responses Regionally: Katrina

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Ilan Havered, Vice President

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  1. Emergency Operations Need Synchronized Time Ilan Havered, Vice President

  2. Hard Problems in Public Safety • Critical need for better collaboration (post 9/11) • Interoperability: Local PD, FD, 911; State; DHS, DoD • Critical need for faster responses • Regionally: Katrina • Locally: heart attack victims (cardiologists reducing benchmarks for time to diagnosis and treatment) • Disaster planning: secondary center, command vehicles, virtual PSAP (back-up and redundancy) • Heightened public visibility and expectations, media scrutiny • Litigation (records accuracy) • In-bound 911 calls (data) coming in many ways • Traditional: Voice, TTY/TTD, Multi-lingual • Current: Wireless Phase 1, Phase 2; Telematics • Next: VoIP, Text, Chat, Pictures, Video… • Consolidation of PD, FD, EMS dispatching centers • Network convergence, next-gen PSAP Company Confidential

  3. Example of a ‘No-No’ • Physical Security system says “12:22:29” • Display Clock says “12:16” • Which one is correct Company Confidential (A medical center’s Public Safety Center)

  4. Public Safety Time Synchronization • Two most important issues for PSAP calls include: • Consistency • Credibility of the time stamp attached to each of the 9-1-1 event records • Accurate time stamps for: • Event reconstruction • Process improvement • Legal evidence of emergency response times for court • Using a legally traceable time reference (master clock/time server) provides this for the PSAP and its Public Safety partners (EOC, PD, FD, EMS….) Company Confidential

  5. Synchronizing Critical OperationsTM • Key Processes Needing Synchronization: • Call taking and recording • Dispatching • Referrals – handoffs to other centers • Advanced EMS over the phone • Incident command & coordination - NIMS • Coordination with Federal including DHS and DoD • Personnel shift changes • Database backups • Scheduled maintenance such as Back-up Generator • PSAP security systems recording of video • Quality metrics, process improvement, training Company Confidential

  6. “One of the still-unanswered questions is the timing of when help was summoned. It would appear that as much as seven minutes may have elapsed after Smith began convulsing and before the Monroe County Emergency Communication Department received the call. But the discrepancy between what police say was an ‘immediate’ call to 911 and what emergency records show could be explained by the agencies involved using different clocks.” —Monroe County, Rochester, NY The PSAP had time synchronization. The jail now has time synchronization. Heightened Public Awareness An inmate was dying. A delayed call to PSAP was made to 10-digit PSAP Number. Company Confidential

  7. Time is Unambiguous • Time has been measured astronomically - forever • Therefore 1 second = 1/86,400 of a day • Defined as GMT by “treaty of the meter” with 24 time zones offsets so noon is always mid-day • By international treaty in 1972, the definition of official worldwide time changed to UTC • Atomic properties of the cesium-133 atom • 1 second = 9,192,631,770 cycles of an energy transition • Maintained by BIPM (France) • Contributed to by NMIs (NIST in USA) • UTC is absolute: the same no matter where you are located • Suppose the UTC is now 00:2:00 • I know the UTC offset for New York is -5 (plus any seasonal adjustment) • Therefore, it is 21:00:00 in New York Company Confidential

  8. 0.1 nanosec/day 10 nanosec/day 10,000 sec/day 1-10 sec/day 0.5 sec/day Regulations and best practice requirements Time Accuracy Company Confidential

  9. Time Synchronization Master Clock Authority Company Confidential Device Clock

  10. Authority Master Clock Synchronization Internet Time Services Radio Services: DC77, MSF GNSS Dial-up Services • Dial-up service is a reliable back-up to GNSS or as primary in cases where GNSS deployment is impossible • Urban canyon applications • Reliable • Available in other countries as ITU-R services • Traceable • Long distance call • In the North America GPS is the standard for providing legally traceable time • Accurate • Reliable • Redundant • Available everywhere • Traceable Company Confidential

  11. Device Clock Synchronization Network Management Legacy Infrastructure DHCP Server Legacy Computer Syslog Server Alarms LDAP or RADIUS Server Recorders Company Confidential Network Devices Next Gen Infrastructure Network Time Protocol (NTP)

  12. Evolution of the Network-Centric NetClock 9283 NetClock DHCP Pv6 NTPv4 Syslog RADIUS/LDAP IPSec UL 8183 NetClock GPS master clock Add-on NTP time server Frequency output 9183 NetClock Built-in NTP Web UI SSL/SSH SNMPv3 CE 8182 NetClock/2 WWVB master clock Serial timecodes IRIG Company Confidential IP Capable

  13. Public Safety Time Synchronization • NENA PSAP Master Clock Standard: (04-002) • Defines where time is sourced from, how it supports PSAP • Time source must provide CONTINUOUS time data to ALL equipment systems in the facility, including CAD, ANI/ALI, Voice/Logging Recorders, Radio Consoles, etc. Company Confidential

  14. ANI-ALI Controllers Voice Logging Recorders Radio Consoles CAD Systems Management Information Reporting System Emergency Notification System Network Management System Radio test equipment Computer/Networks including: email server, network router Wall Clocks Time and Attendance System PSAP Physical Security Video Recorder (CCTV), Building Access Control Scheduled Fire Dept. “Noon Whistle” via contact relay connection PBX Systems for tracking administrative calls Other departments or agencies in the County, City, Borough, Town, etc. Master Clock Synchronizes all Electronic Device Clocks Company Confidential All displaying the same time/date. All logging the same time/date.

  15. PSAP Synchronized Communications Center Company Confidential

  16. GPS Master ClockNetClock® Model 9283 NENA Compliant Back Panel • GPS Input • RS-232 Console Port • (2) RS-232 Time Code Outputs • (2) RS-485 Time Code Outputs • For 9288, TimeView clocks or TimeTap to RS-232 • (1) IRIG B/E output - Voice Recorders • (1) 10 MHz output – Calibration Ref. • (3) Alarm/Event Contact Relays Front Panel • 10/100BaseT Ethernet Port • NTP timing • Network management • LEDs indicate Power, GPS status • Dual front panel clocks / displays Inside • 12-channel GPS receiver • Stratum 1 NTP Server • Oscillator options provide holdover Company Confidential

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