Chancellorsville

1. Chancellorsville • First four days of May 1863 • North led by Joseph Hooker • South led by Lee – outmaneuvered North and forced them to retreat • Stonewall Jackson hit by friendly fire – died about a week later

2. Gettysburg • July 1, 1863 – Union and Confederate troops accidentally met at Gettysburg • South heard there were shoes in the town • Town was an important RR crossroad • First day of battle • Union led by George Meade; South led by Robert E. Lee • Union fell into a defensive position in the town • Fishhook formation • South surrounded Union forces • Union outnumbered on first day

3. Gettysburg • Second day of battle • 90,000 Union and 75,000 Confederate troops • Southern battle plan was to outflank the North on the southern end of fishhook • At same time, South wanted to take the hills on the northern side of the fishhook • After briefly taking some hills, the Southern troops were driven back at both locations

4. Gettysburg • 3rd day of battle • Lee ordered an artillery attack on the middle of the Union line • Then he ordered George Pickett to lead his men on a charge into the line • The Southern troops crossed and open field with no cover – almost created a breach in the line • North fought them off – Southern charge was defeated • North won the battle • Over 50,000 casualties • Lee abandoned hope of invading North • Southern army would never recover from its losses

5. Vicksburg • One of the last southern strongholds on the Mississippi River • Two attempts by Ulysses S. Grant and his men to take city; both failed • Conducted a 6 week siege of city • Steady barrage of artillery • Cut off supplies • People in city forced to live in caves for protection • Forced to eat dogs and mules • Surrendered July 4, 1863 (day after Gettysburg) • Combined with Port Hudson 5 days later – gave Union control of the Mississippi R. and split South in two