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Music Appreciation Course Introduction Elements of Music

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Music Appreciation Course Introduction Elements of Music

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    1. Music Appreciation Course Introduction Elements of Music

    2. Course Objective To produce an educated patron of music Listening Selected topics Historical evolution

    3. Objectives

    4. Music History Western European & American music Historical style periods Selected great composers

    5. Part I: “Elements of Music” Sound Rhythm Melody Key Form Performing Media Music Notation Harmony Texture Style

    6. Sound Music is the organization of sounds in time Properties of musical sounds:

    7. Pitch Highness or lowness of sound A definite pitch is a tone

    8. Dynamics

    9. Tone Color Also called timbre: quality of a sound

    10. Performing Media: The Singing Voice Grouped by gender

    11. Musical Instruments Instruments made in different sizes (for range)

    12. Homework Listening Assignment Britten: Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra Two Options: Kamien disc 1 (pg 30 in text), or Kamien cd rom/Instruments/Young Persons Guide…

    13. String Instruments Sound produced by vibrating a tight cable

    14. Woodwind Instruments Traditionally, woodwinds made of wood

    15. Brass Instruments Orchestral brasses (in order of range):

    16. Percussion Instruments Sound (generally) produced by striking, shaking, or rubbing the instrument

    17. Percussion Instruments

    18. Keyboard Instruments Pictured on pages 26 & 27 Piano Harpsichord Pipe Organ

    19. Organ Pipes

    20. Pipe Organ

    21. Electronic Instruments Produce or amplify sound using electricity Synthesizer – an instrument and/or a modifier of musical instruments Can order sounds in time through electronic means Frankenstein the Edgar Winter Band May 1973 Billboard no. 1

    22. Electronic Instruments

    23. Rhythm - Organizes movement in time - Recurring patterns

    24. Beat Recurrent pulsation Divides music into equal units of time Grouping of beats into measures Downbeat Syncopation

    26. Notating Rhythm Music notation indicates length of tone in relation to other tones in the piece

    27. Notating Meter Time signature indicates the meter of a piece of music

    28. Music Notation Written music stores information

    29. Notating Pitch

    30. Score Includes music for every instrument of the orchestra on one sheet Can include 20+ lines of music at once See example p. 39

    31. Orchestral Score Example

    32. Melody Definition

    33. Harmony Definition & example

    34. Homework Listening Example Prelude in E minor for Piano, Op. 28, No. 4 (1839) by Frederic Chopin Listening Outline: p. 46 Brief set, CD 1:36 Listen for: Pulsating chords & monotonous melody Dissonant chords underlying melody Climax with faster rhythm & crescendo Near end, dissonant chord, silence, resolution at cadence

    35. Organization of Musical Sounds Key Tonality The central tone is the keynote, or tonic Scale Chromatic Scale Major Scale Minor scale

    36. The Major Scale Drawn from the 12 chromatic semitones (half steps)

    38. The Key Signature

    39. Modulation: Change of Key A temporary shift in tonal gravity

    40. Musical Texture Definition: Monophonic Texture Polyphonic Texture Homophonic Texture Changes of Texture

    41. Homework Listening Example Farandole from L’Arlesienne Suite No. 2 (1879) by Georges Bizet Listening Outline: page 52 Brief Set, CD 1:37 Note contrasting textures

    42. Musical Form - Architecture Techniques that Create Musical Form Repetition Contrast Variation

    43. Types of Musical Form Three-Part (Ternary) Form: A B A Simple A B A Subdivided aba cdc aba Dance of the Reed Pipes from Nutcracker Suite (1892) by Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Listening Outline: p. 56 Brief Set, CD 1:42

    44. Types of Musical Form Two-Part (Binary) Form: A B

    45. Listening Exercise Write down your observations of Performing Instruments, Rhythm, Melody, and Harmony Contradance No. 7 in Eb Major from Twelve Contradances for Orchestra (1892) by Ludwig van Beethoven Listening Outline: p. 57 Brief Set, CD 1:45

    46. Other types of form Through-Composed: reflects a poems continual changing mood, a musical journey Strophic: repeating the same music for each verse of text Theme & Variation: used in popular and jazz frequently where variations of the theme are used repeatedly and often improvised

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