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Music Appreciation

Music Appreciation. Class #11 The Romantic Period, Part 2 Chopin, Schumann(s), Wagner and Verdi. Frédéric Chopin* (1810-1849). Web sites. http://www.chopin.pl/spis_tresci/index_en.html http://www.chopin.org/ip.asp?op=Home. Nationalism*. Folk tunes Harmonies Influence: Wagner, Liszt

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Music Appreciation

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  1. Music Appreciation Class #11 The Romantic Period, Part 2 Chopin, Schumann(s), Wagner and Verdi

  2. Frédéric Chopin* (1810-1849)

  3. Web sites • http://www.chopin.pl/spis_tresci/index_en.html • http://www.chopin.org/ip.asp?op=Home

  4. Nationalism* • Folk tunes • Harmonies • Influence: Wagner, Liszt • Forms • Dedications • “Revolutionary Etude” (“November Uprising” 1830) • Sviatoslav Richter • Heart*

  5. Style • New musical language • Originality • Exclusivity* • 170+ for piano alone • No news! • Careful edits • Melody!

  6. Chopin’s Life In Paris • Composer • Performer • Teacher • Bon Vivant Celebrity

  7. Parisian Friends • Franz Liszt • Hector Berlioz • Vincenzo Bellini • Felix Mendelssohn • Ferdinand Hiller • Heinrich Heine

  8. Salon society • Schubert abend concerts • Social, musical, political, intellectual gathering

  9. Personality • “The lonely artist is surrounded by frivolous society.” • “Romantic” appeal?

  10. Romance • Women as inspiration • Piano Concerto #1 dedication: • “I have not yet exchanged a syllable with her of whom I dream every night. While my thoughts were with her I composed the Adagio of my concerto”.

  11. Aurore Duvedant...

  12. or George Sand?

  13. Feminist! "I know that I am the slave and you the lord. The law of the land has made you my master....you have the right of the stronger party, and society confirms you in it; but over my will, sir, you are powerless."

  14. Odd couple • Prude vs. exhibitionist • Frail vs. healthy • Demure vs. aggressive Confidence, intellect, sexuality

  15. Inspiration • 21 Nocturnes* • Artur Rubinstein • John Field (1782-1837)

  16. 21st Century

  17. The “Minute” Waltz*, CD #2, Track 4 • Listen for… • Virtuoso technique • “Singing” quality in the melody

  18. Robert Schumann (1810-56)

  19. Romantic ideal • Dichter • Poet, writer • Denker • Philosopher • Law student • Friedrich Wieck

  20. Romantic paradox • Whimsical and refined • Dreamy and gritty • Vehement and visionary

  21. “Scenes From Childhood” • Träumerei • Horowitz in Moscow • And even…Katharine Hepburn in“Song of Love” • The Wild Horseman

  22. Health • 4th finger, Right Hand* • Physical health • Mercury? • Syphilis? • Mental health* • Visions • Institutionalized

  23. Musical pyramid* • Only composer to master compositions on one instrument (the piano) before proceeding to larger compositions; • Only solo piano compositions for over 8 years; • 1st orchestral composition not until 1842; • Difficult with large structures.

  24. Cultural Accomplishments • Davidsbündler * (“The League of David”) • “Philistines!”* • Florestan und Eusebius • Neue Zeitschrift für Musik”* • (“The Journal of New Music”) • 1st musical journal/criticism • New composers/styles • Chopin and Brahms

  25. Clara Wieck Schumann* (1819-1896)

  26. Limitations... "I once believed that I possessed creative talent, but I have given up this idea; a woman must not desire to compose — there has never yet been one able to do it. Should I expect to be the one?" *

  27. “The High Priestess of Music” • Father & Teacher • 60-year “amateur” career • Highly accomplished performer • Inspiration • Robert’s most passionate music • 150 songs in 1840 alone! • Influenced and Encouraged • Mendelssohn, Brahms, Chopin

  28. Musician, Wife, Mother • Finances • Concerts • Teaching • Premieres • Eight children • “Revolution of Dresden” rescue

  29. Rumors...

  30. “Symphony #1: Larghetto”CD #2, Track 5 • Listen for… • Full orchestral score • Intricate harmonies • Importance of melody

  31. Richard Wagner* (1813-1883)

  32. Biography • Step-father’s influence • Composition training • Beethoven • Bach • Opera as drama

  33. Gesamtkunstwerk* • “Complete art work” • Total synthesis of • Music • Drama • Theater • Dance • Politics

  34. Thirteen complete “music dramas” http://wagneroperas.com/indexwagneroperas.html

  35. Leitmotif* • Musical idea or Melody • Associated with • Character • Event • Prop • Idée fixe and Ritornello • Hector Berlioz and Antonio Vivaldi • Symphonie Fantastique & Four Seasons

  36. “Mad” King Ludwig II*

  37. King Ludwig and Wagner • Admirer • Musical and personal • Patron • Saved Wagner’s career? • “Swan King” • Lohengrin

  38. Neuschwanstein

  39. Bayreuth Festspielhaus* Mecca for Wagnerites Replacement for Easter/Church Complete “Ring” cycle Hidden Orchestra pit*

  40. Der Ring des Nibelungen* (1848-74) • Das Rheingold (The Gold of the Rhine) • Creation of the Ring • Die Walküre (The Valkyries) • Siegfried • Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods)

  41. Introduction and Background http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haO3BeuE_0s&feature=related

  42. Ring Cycle Facts • Libretto • German, Scandinavian and Norse myth • 34 characters • God(s) vs. humans • Aryan culture vs. Jewish “threat” • Music • 15 hours • Through-composed

  43. Die Walküre* (2nd opera in the cycle) • God*+ • (Wotan or “Wälse”) • God’s children on earth in human form • Siegmund*+ • “victory” + “mouth” (“shield”) • Sieglinde*+ • “victory” + “gentle”

  44. Background • Winter Storm*+ • Wandering, nameless stranger*+ • Hunding*+ • Mystery guest*+ at the wedding*+ • Tree*+ with a Sword*+ (“Notung”) Bayreuth : Jeanine Altmeyer and Peter Hoffman

  45. End of Act 1 Wehwal asks Sieglinde to grant him a name; They realize that they have the same father, (Wälse = God), and that they are twin brother and sister; Sieglinde names him Siegmund; Siegmund is then empowered to pull Notung out of the tree; The two declare their love for each other.

  46. God in Human Form • The Wagner ideal • Sieglinde and Siegmund • Sister/bride and Brother/groom • “Now let our race flourish and continue!” • Siegfried*+ (“Victory” + “Freedom”) • (Savior/Führer /Leader)

  47. Wagner’s Essays Anti-Semitic Sexist Socialist Inspiration for Nazis

  48. The Ring and Star Wars http://www.trell.org/wagner/starwars.html

  49. Cosima Liszt von Bülow Wagner*

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