Justice and Racism

1. Chapter Six Justice and Racism

2. What do you think? • Prejudice often results from stereotyping • It can also come from limited knowledge of people who are unknown to ourselves. • Take the 7 statements and identify them as 1. Clearly a stereotype 2. a provable statement 3. I’m not sure. Note at the bottom your reason for your answer.

3. When Night Ends Q: What is racism?: The Church defines racism as “awareness of the biologically determined superiority of one’s own race or ethnic group with respect to others.”

4. When Night Ends Racism leads to mistreatment of people based on: • race • color • national origin • religion • place of origin • ancestry Remember. . . Racism can be person-to-person or institutional

5. Institutional Racism A: Racism that infects every aspect of society Q: What is it? A: Racism that favors the majority and hindering the success of the minority

6. Racism Against Certain Groups African Americans Racism against African Americans is, in part, a result of apartheid Apartheid was a policy of South Africa from 1948-1991 of strict segregation, prejudice and racial inequality against blacks.

7. Racism Against Certain Groups African Americans: • Slavery continued until the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and the 13th Amendment outlawing slavery • Segregation continued and blacks were treated as second class citizens until the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s • In 1954, the Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka desegregated schools

8. US Efforts to Eradicate Racism • Fought the Civil War—(not the only reason the war was fought) • Passed an amendment that guarantees the basic human rights • Supreme Court handed down decisions to ban segregated schools and approving some forms of affirmative actions • Civil Rights legislation preventing discrimination based upon age, race, sec, religion, or national origin. • Other laws passed protecting disable people

9. Institutional Racism Members of other minorities Affirmative Action is the policy and programs established to correct the past discrimination in education and employment opportunities b l a c k s wo m e n

10. Racism Against Certain Groups African Americans *suffer more from violence *are incarcerated disproportionately *have shorter life spans *lack educational opportunities *have a large number of families headed by single women Did you know that blacks: Also, keep in mind. . . • There still is a large income gap between African Americans and whites

11. Results of Racism against African Americans • Poverty of 24.4% , non-Hispanic whites is 8.2% • Death in childbirth 3.5 times • Life expectancy is 5 years less • High school graduates is 83.7% to 91.8% • Twice as likely to die from disease, accident and homicide • Average prison sentence is 6 months longer

12. Effects of Racism • Lack of Equal Education • Poverty and poor education are self-perpetuating problems • Education is funded by property taxes. Poor areas cannot raise enough revenue to fund a good educational system. • Poor people cannot afford private schools or more expensive neighborhoods so they do not have access to good education to work themselves out of poverty.

13. Effects of Racism Cont. • Black and Hispanic household incomes are 2/3 of that of white households • Median net worth of white families is 10 times of Black and Hispanic families • Contributing factor: 1 major reason for the wealth factor are minorities have been forced to buy into less desirable neighborhoods. Appreciation of real estate and less access to better schools.

14. Case Study • Section 8 housing is being proposed in Prattville near Highland Ridge. It is being challenged by the nearby residents • Is this an example of institutional racism? Why? • Would your parents sign the petition to keep the Section 8 housing out of the area? Is it racist to sign and Why or Why not? • How is it justice to keep the children of these potential residents from receiving a good education.?

15. Racism Against Certain Groups • Hispanic Americans: • Descended from Spanish-speaking people • and now represent a mix of cultures, national groups, and races • Predate English-speaking colonists in America and helped discover the Americas. • Comprise the largest minority group in the United States (One of every eight residents in the US is Latino

16. Racism Against Certain Groups Hispanic Americans: Hispanic Americans of Mexican ancestry Chicano braceros Manual laborers barrios neighborhoods

17. Racism Against Certain Groups Hispanic Americans: Did you Know. . . * Hispanic Americans have a history of working low-paying jobs in ranches, farms, mines and railroad * have lost their jobs due to cheap labor of the braceros *Children of migrant workers cannot get a decent education * many Hispanic Americans face immigration problems. * Suffer from low wages, lack of health care and decent education, unsafe and congested housing

18. Racism Against Certain Groups Hispanic Americans: Did you Know. . . • Nearly 73% of Hispanics in the US are Catholic • 64% of Catholic Hispanic Americans go to church regularly • American Catholic Bishops challenge parishes to find ways to embrace Hispanic Catholics

19. Racism Against Certain Groups Native Americans: • Once numbered from 4.5 to 10 million when Columbus discovered American, by the end of the 19th century decreased to a quarter of a million people • Diseases that the Native Americans had no immunities • Loss of cultural identity as Native American religion and customs were stamped out • Vicious wars by the English • Destruction of the buffalo • Expansion of the railroad • Lands taken over by Anglos as they moved West Did you Know that the Native American suffered because :

20. Racism Against Certain Groups Housing Homelessness Negative Effects of Reservations Education Poverty Death rates among youth Unemployment

21. Racism Against Certain Groups Native Americans: Did you Know. . . Although the Church was prejudice in the past trying to Christianize Native Americans, it has become more sensitive to defending their rights

22. Being Inclusive During Jesus’ ministry, he included everyone Things to Consider about Racism: St. Paul encouraged his converts to see through the external differences that separate us

23. Being Inclusive Racial Justice Support efforts to eradicate discrimination Root prejudice out of own lives Empathize with others Celebrate diversity Learn from others Appreciate our common humanity

24. Vocabulary • racism • affirmative action • institutional racism • apartheid • Chicano • braceros • barrios • encyclical