Taiga

1. Taiga Miquiel Noble Eldridge Poole II Zechariah Mcnair

2. The Taiga (boreal forest) biome community must be adapted to low intensity sunlight and low temperatures. The farther a biome is located from the equator, the less direct the sunlight is hit. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=climate+latitude&view=detail&id=492427F4E7A416793B91F6102848899F55898A2A&first=0&FORM=IDFRIR

3. The Taiga has trees because the ground thaws in the spring, but the tundra (below) has permafrost so no trees. www.blueplanet.com

4. Many animals migrate, like these caribou, through the Taiga to get to the tundra for its short spring. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=tiaga+summer+carribou+migration+herd&view=detail&id=580E82FFB5771C68564BEB0A16264370F228373E&first=0&FORM=IDFRIR

5. Location • The taiga is located near the top of world before the tundra. • The taiga is the biome of the needle leaf forest. http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, (June 2000). "Taiga", http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html, (June 2000).

6. latitude • The latitude for the Taiga is 50 degrees to the Arctic circle. • It is defined by its northern and south boarder only. Longitude is not used to define its location www.ask.com

7. countries • The countries that makes up the Taiga biome is the northwestern parts of the United States, and Siberia, Russia. Did you know the largest biome in the world is the Taiga. Lastly the Russian Taiga is the largest biome in the world. www.blueplanet.com

8. Abiotic Factors http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, (June 2000). "Taiga", http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html, (June 2000).

9. Average temperature for winter months • The winter temperature range is -54 to -1 Celsius or -65 degrees to 30 Degrees Fahrenheit. The average temperature in the Taiga is below freezing for six months out of the year. http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, (June 2000). "Taiga", http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html, (June 2000).

10. Average temperature for summers months • The summer temperature in the Taiga get as low as -7 degrees Celsius (20 degrees Fahrenheit). The high in the Taiga for the Summers can be 21 degrees Celsius (70 degrees Fahrenheit). The short Summers mostly warm, rainy and humid. http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, (June 2000). "Taiga", http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html, (June 2000).

11. Total Precipitation • The total precipitation in a year is 30-85 cm (12-33). Most of the precipitation in the Taiga falls as rain in the Summers. http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, (June 2000). "Taiga",

12. Seasonal changes • The main seasons in the Taiga are Winter and Summer. Spring and Autumn are so short, you hardly know they exist. It is either hot and humid or very cold in the Taiga. http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/facts.htm, (June 2000). "Taiga Plants", http://www.richmond.edu/~ed344/webunits/biomes/tplants.html, http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/taiga/taiga.html, .

13. Animals that live in taiga Lepus americanus Lynx canansis Ursus americanus Bison bison athabscae Ursus horribilis Rangiferous tarandus

14. Animals that live in the tiaga must adapt to living in very cold temperatures • The caribou for example eats whatever vegetation is available in the taiga, even pine needles. • Also the caribou has thick fur to combat the extreme could temperature in the taiga. • They migrate to the tundra to eat during the short spring and summer. www.blueplanet.org

15. Food web

16. Animals must adapt to … • Freezing cold • Scarce food resources • short summer seasons • Predation • Competition and mates

17. These are adaptations of the grizzly bear to the taiga • Eat huge meals of salmon during autumn salmon runs so that they store fat for energy while they sleep through the winter in caves. • Thick fur insulates from cold. • Keen sense of smell alerts them to predators (like wolves who’d eat the young), competitors, dangers, and food • Being omnivores lets them eat Whatever food is available • Long-term (a year or more) of cubs allows more to survive to adulthood, and drinking milk provides food for cubs even when food is scarce. www.bearplanet.org

18. These are adaptations of the northern Lynx in the taiga • They have thick coats to insulate heat. • A keen sense of smell to alert them for prey and predator. • They usually live and hunt alone, and are nocturnal hunters(so they are free from predators and less mouths to feed. http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/northern_lynx_steppe.htm

19. Threat to the Taiga biome • Here are some threat to the Taiga • Climate change • Human activities • Natural disturbance http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiga#Threats

20. Predator and prey relationship • The northern lynx eating the snow shoe hare or the caribou. Lepus americanus Lynx canansis (Rangifer tarandus),

21. In the picture below shows the northern lynx and wolf both competing for the same deer. This a example of interdependent competition. www.blueplanet.org

22. In the picture below shows two wolves feeding together. This is called mutualism

23. The two pictures show how these two species are fighting with each other. This is called intra specific competition.

24. In the picture below shows moss growing on this tree. This is called parasitism.

25. In the next picture below shows how this vulture is benefiting from the remains of this dead animals. This is called commensalism.

26. Deforestation • Deforestation- The removal of forests. Deforestation can lead to severe erosion, especially on mountain sides. Grazing or plowing after deforestation can permanently change local soils and microclimates in ways that can prevent the new-growth of trees. The reason why deforestation would affect the animals that live in the Taiga is because the animals are adapted to whatever foods are available, for example, the caribou eats the needle leaves that grow on trees, bears eat berries and bugs that live in the trees. Blue science

27. Climate Change • If global temperatures increase 1.5 c -2.5c over the twentieth century temperatures, 30 percent of species studied are likely to face increased risk of extinct. The way that the climate change would effect animals that live in the taiga because animals are adapted to the cold like temperatures such as bears and caribou. • . Blue science

28. In this picture below shows how the greenhouse gases affect the northern parts of the subarctic and arctic region. This is also known as global warming or climate change.

29. Grizzly bear’s niche for survival • They survive by eating, sleeping and reproducing. Sort of like us, but they eat lots of berries, grasses, fish, and any obtainable live meat, dead meat, and sometimes garbage. They live in small or large caves, or sink holes. • Also the grizzly bear needs the Salmon spawning season to gain the most fat reserves by eating the Salmon. • Lastly if humans polluted the streams that the salmon come down to spawn the salmon would die and the bear would not have a that fat reserves it needs for the winter and it will die.