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Strategies for improving Productivity Mark Jennings 17 th January 2011. “The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.”. “If you do what you've always done, you'll get what you've always gotten.”. Outline. Improving productivity
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Strategies for improving Productivity Mark Jennings 17th January 2011
“The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.” • “If you do what you've always done, you'll get what you've always gotten.”
Outline • Improving productivity • 5 key messages • Who needs to do what? • Making it happen
Thinking and acting differently: 5 key messages
How we see the gap • Financial gap? – The same output with less money • Care gap? – More value with the same resource
2. The NHS paradigm “Quality costs”
Quality Quality + + • NHS Plan • (2000 - 2011) • Built for Growth • ‘Quality costs’ • Productivity falls + + _ _ Efficiency _ _
0.2% pa Source: NAO Management of NHS productivity 2010
2% pa Source: NAO Management of NHS productivity 2010
Quality Quality + + • Efficient care is quality care • (2011 on) • A new paradigm • Value focus • NHS Plan • (2000 - 2011) • Built for Growth • ‘Quality costs’ • Productivity falls + + _ _ Efficiency • Siege • (2011 on) • Fragmented system • Wrong decisions • Lower quality and efficiency • Cost Control • (1980s and 90s) • Slash and burn • ‘Efficient’ but lower quality _ _
A new paradigm Health care can only considered to be high quality if it is also effective and efficient.
3. Focus • Providers – new • income focus • Commissioners • - growth money focus
4. How and what we do… Technical efficiency is doing things right e.g. reducing unit costs by reducing lengths of stay or shifting care to more cost effective settings out of hospital Allocative efficiency is doing the right things e.g. allocating resources to achieve the most health gain for the population served and preventing future hospital admissions
Technical efficiency Allocative efficiency
5. Variations in care “Variations in care are often idiosyncratic and unscientific with local medical opinion and local supply of resources appearing more important than science in determining how medical care is delivered” [J.Wennberg, BMJ, October 2002]
Unjustified variations in health care cause….. Increased cost • Reduced quality
Atlas indicator Variation 2-fold Cancer inpatient spending rate Major amputations among type 2 diabetes patients, by strategic health authority 2-fold Diabetes patients receiving nine key care processes (%) 5-fold Bariatric procedures rate 12-fold Elective admissions among epilepsy patients >4-fold High risk transient ischaemic attack cases treated within 24 hours (%) >10-fold Emergency admissions among asthma patients aged 18 and under >3-fold 2-fold Magnetic resonance imaging activity Caesarean section (without complications) spending 2-fold
Jevons paradox • Increasing the efficiency with which a resource is used tends to increase the rate of consumption of that resource William Stanley Jevons Jevons (1866). The Coal Question (2nd ed.)..
Value based decisions £500,000 Life years gained Decommission or reduce commissioning of the least cost effective interventions… 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,247 life years gained 8,000 6,000 … and increase commissioning of most costs effective intervention in line with the best practices standards 4,000 2,000 0 0 1,000 1,500 5,500 6,000 £k Adapted from: DH/Mckinsey
Integrated Care Torbay Care Trust • Integrated health and social care teams serve localities of 25,000-40,000 – aligned with GP practices • Use of hospital beds has fallen from 750 in 1998/99 to 528 in 2008/09 • Unplanned hospital admissions and emergency bed day use for people aged 65+ lower than expected • Public assessment of the performance of the NHS is the most positive in the region Source: HSMC Birmingham 2010
Mental Health and the productivity challenge: Improving quality and value for money
Variation in Acute MH Bed days Opportunity £400m Source: Audit Commission (2010)
Mental Health Priorities Action across the care pathway Assessment Acute beds Discharge processes Effective responses to complex needs Out of Area treatments Improve workforce productivity Shifts Sickness
Clinical Microsystems Small, functional, front-line units that provide most health care to most people. They are the essential building blocks of larger organisations and of the health system. They are the place where patients and providers meet. The quality and value of care produced by a large health system can be no better than the services generated by the small systems of which it is composed’. Nelson,E., Batalden,P.B.et al. (2002) Learning from high-performing front-line clinical units. Journal on Quality Improvement