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Ancient Near Eastern Art

Ancient Near Eastern Art. Part 2. Babylonian Art. Stele of Hammurabi , c. 1780 B.C.E., Susa (modern Shush, Iran), basalt. Earliest legal code King Hammurabi is figure on the left, Shamash (Sun god) on right Shamash hands king a rope, ring and rod of friendship

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Ancient Near Eastern Art

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  1. Ancient Near Eastern Art Part 2

  2. Babylonian Art

  3. Stele of Hammurabi, c. 1780 B.C.E., Susa (modern Shush, Iran), basalt. • Earliest legal code • King Hammurabi is figure on the left, Shamash (Sun god) on right • Shamash hands king a rope, ring and rod of friendship • 300 laws written below the figures, symbolically given from Shamash to Hammurabi • Shamash – frontal/profile simultaneously

  4. Ishtar Gate, c. 575 B.C.E. (neo-Babylonian),glazed brickglazed brick covering mud walls; animals guard entrance to city, Lions – sacred to goddess Ishtar; crenellations give warlike appearance

  5. Hittite Art Anatolia (Modern Turkey)

  6. Lion Gate, c. 1400 B.C.E., TurkeyCity gate guarded by lions; massive stone lions; stone construction (Hittites used stone, including huge boulders, instead of mud-brick)

  7. Assyrian Art

  8. Lion Hunt, c. 640 B.C.E., limestone, Irananimals show emotions, but not humans; narrative with bold contours; domination of king over the lion (most fearsome beast)

  9. Lamassu, c. 700 B.C.E., limestone, Iraqhuman-headed guardian figure; winged; 5 legs; wards off enemies; guarded Palace of Assurnasirpal II ; over 10’ in height

  10. Palace of Sargon II, 720 B.C.E., Iraqplatform city – 50’ high; mud-brick; ziggurat inside; 25 acres, 200 rooms, 30 courtyards

  11. Persian Art Persia was an Empire!

  12. Persepolis, c. 500 B.C.E., Iran • Constructed by Darius I and Xerxes I for huge receptions and festivals • Destroyed by Alexander the Great • Built artificial terraces • Mud-brick with stone facing • Huge lamassu gates • Apadama (audience hall) held thousands for kings’s receptions; 36 columns supported wooden roof; stairwell had relief depicting New Year’s festival and representatives of 23 subject nations • Columns had bell-shaped bases (lotus blossoms inverted) with capitals of bulls or lions

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