140 likes | 351 Views
Marzano’s Strategies for Effective Teaching. 1. Identifying Similarities and Differences. Presenting students with explicit guidance in identifying similarities and differences Asking students to independently identify similarities and differences.
E N D
1. IdentifyingSimilarities and Differences • Presenting students with explicit guidance in identifying similarities and differences • Asking students to independently identify similarities and differences. • Representing similarities and differences in graphic or symbolic form enhances students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge.
2. Summarizing • Students must delete some information, substitute some information, and keep some information. • To effectively to this, students must analyze the information at a fairly deep level.
and Note-taking • Verbatim note-taking is the least effective way to take notes. • Notes should be considered a work in progress. • Notes should be used as study guides for tests.
3. Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition • Effort- Teacher should keep track of effort and achievement. (Charts on board; gradebooks) • Provide Recognition • Make it personal. • Make it specific. • Make it immediate, or at least prompt.
4. Homework and Practice • Have a clear homework policy. • Make purpose or homework clear. • Provide feedback.
5. Nonlinguistic Representations • Provide graphic organizers. • Use pictures/diagrams to illustrate concepts. • Include kinesthetic activities to reinforce learning. • Make physical models • Draw pictures www.heart-health-weightwatcher.com www.k12.nf.ca www.carlosag.net
Cooperative Learning • Positive interdependence • Face-to-face interaction • Individual and group accountability • Interpersonal and small group skills • Group processing www.cartoonstock.com
7. Providing Feedback • Corrective—provide a correct answer or an explanation of what is accurate and what is inaccurate. • Timely. • Feedback should be criterion-referenced as opposed to norm-referenced. • Students can provide some of their own feedback.
8. Generating and Testing Hypotheses • Teachers should ask students to clearly explain their hypotheses and their conclusions. • Use a variety of structured tasks to guide students through generating and testing hypotheses. • Problem solving. • Historical investigation. • Invention • Decision making
9. Cues & Questions • Should focus on what is important as opposed to what is unusual. • “Higher level” questions produce deeper learning than “lower level questions.” • “Wait time” • Use questions before a learning experience.
9. Advance Organizers • Skim a text • Tell a story • Create a graphic image
Sources: Adapted from Classroom Instruction That Works by R.J. Marzano, D.J. Pickering, and J.E. Pollock, 2001, Alexandria, VA:ASCD. Integrating Technology into the Classroom using Classroom Instruction that Works:Research-Based Strategies for Increasing Student Achievementby Robert J. Marzano, Debra J. Pickering, Jane E. Pollock. http://t4.jordan.k12.ut.us/professional_development/strategies/#one