Aquarius Command and Control System pre-CDR

1. Aquarius Command and Control System pre-CDR

2. Aquarius Command and Control System pre-CDR Agenda

3. Agenda • Aquarius Science Mission Overview • Aquarius/SACD Ground System Overview • NASA Ground Network AQ/SACD Support • Ocean Biology Network and Information Technology Security • Aquarius Operations Concept – Nominal • Aquarius Operations Concept – Anomaly • Aquarius Command and Control Requirements • Aquarius Command and Control Design • Aquarius Test Bed • Aquarius Command and Control Test Plan • Risks Acronym List and Backup Slides provided

4. Aquarius Science Mission Overview

5. WOA 2001 NOAA/NODC Aquarius Mission Science Understanding the Interactions Between the Ocean Circulation, Global Water Cycle and Climate by Measuring Sea Surface Salinity Global salinity patterns are linked to rainfall and evaporation Salinity affects seawater density, which in turn governs ocean circulation and climate The higher salinity of the Atlantic sustains the oceanic deep overturning circulation Salinity variations are driven by precipitation, evaporation, runoff and ice freezing and melting

6. World Ocean Atlas Science Objectives and the need for Satellite Measurements • This diagram shows the sampling distribution of all the historical surface salinity measurements • The data are much too sparse to monitor salinity variations over space and time. • Systematic global mapping is required to study the climatic interactions between the ocean and atmosphere • Science Requirements: Global coverage, 150 km and monthly space/time resolution, 0.2 psu accuracy, three year mission • Science Objectives: • Determine the mean global surface salinity field, including vast under-sampled regions • Resolve the seasonal cycle • Track interannual variations linked to changes in the water cycle and ocean currents • Improve El Niño predictability • Reduce the large uncertainty in the marine hydrological budget and its variability • 86% of mean global evaporation and 78% of global precipitation occur over the ocean • Better initialize surface hydrology in climate models to improve climate prediction

7. Sensitivity vs Radiometer Frequency Tb=εT ε = f(S, T, Freq, Incidence) WOA 2001 NOAA/NODC 1400-1427 MHzProtected Band The Aquarius/SAC-D Salinity Mission Aquarius/SAC-D is designed to observe the global surface salinity field for three years and to achieve a monthly accuracy that will resolve the seasonal and interannual variability at 150 km scales. Approach: • Integrated L-band ultra-stable microwave radiometer-radar, 3 fixed beams, 390 km wide swath, 7-day repeat polar orbit • Monthly averages to reduce measurement noise and achieve 0.2 psu RMS accuracy • Three year baseline mission to resolve seasonal to interannual variability and robust mean field • Independent calibration and validation from global in situ ocean observing system

8. Aquarius Instrument Block Diagram

9. Aquarius/SACD System Overview

10. Division of Responsibilities • Pre-Launch • PI • Defines science requirements • JPL • Scatterometer development • Project management • CONAE • SAC-D spacecraft and ground system development • GSFC • Radiometer development • Aquarius instrument data processing development • Aquarius instrument Mission Operations development • Post-Launch / Commissioning • PI • Science management • JPL • Ad-hoc support as requested by the PI • PO.DAAC archive and distribution of validated Aquarius data • CONAE • SAC-D spacecraft and ground system operation • GSFC • Project management • Aquarius instrument data processing, archive, distribution • Aquarius instrument Mission Operations

11. NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group • Located: Goddard Space Flight Center • Total Archive size: 332 TB • Distribution (> 2/04): 27 million files • Aquarius support is implemented within the framework and facilities of the current NASA Ocean Data Processing System (ODPS) which has been successfully supporting operational, satellite-based remote-sensing missions since 1996, and its capabilities continue to evolve and expand to meet the demands and challenges of future missions • MISSIONS SUPPORTED • SeaWiFS : 1997 - active • MODIS (Terra and Aqua) : 2000 - present • CZCS / Nimbus-7 : 1978 - 1986 • OCTS / ADEOS-I : 1996 - 1997 • Glory data system prototype : 2009 launch • Aquarius / SAC-D : May 2010 launch • VIIRS / NPP : June 2010 launch • Community Processing & Analysis Software SeaDAS (1991- present) oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov • Consolidated data access,information services and community feedback

12. Aquarius Ground System Responsibilities NASA Management: Oversight of the overall effort, communication/coordination with other NASA organizations and centers and CONAE; oversight of science support, algorithm integration, QC, validation and in situ data support. Contractor Management: Oversight of contract support staff, including hiring, tasking, review of deliverables and schedules. Mission Operations: Technical lead for instrument operations and commanding support; interface to instrument engineers and CONAE mission operations. Systems Engineering and Interface Definition: Technical lead for the data system effort; overall system design, implementation schedule, interface definition, data format specification, reviews and presentations. Software Engineering: Technical lead for the level conversion / product generation software, including development of the Level 0-to-1 software and integration/packaging of the science (Level 2 and 3) processing software to be provided by the algorithm developers. Software Development: Support for science code packaging, integration and testing. Data Systems Support: Integrate the product generation software into the existing automated processing system, develop ingest modules, develop database tables for archive products, develop schedules and recipes for data acquisition, production and migration. Systems Administration: Specify and acquire new processing and data storage hardware, integrate into existing data processing facility, verify/upgrade network capability for external data transfers. Quality Control and Validation: Working with the Science Team, develop methodologies, tools, procedures and reports for operational QC; specify data and develop algorithms and tools for data and science algorithm validation. In Situ Data Support: Work closely with the Aquarius Validation Data System (AVDS) to develop methods and tools for data analysis and quality control, building upon the existing SeaWiFS Bio-optical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS). Archive and Distribution: Incorporate Aquarius product browse, search, order and distribution into existing web-based Ocean Color capability and work with JPL PO.DAAC regarding “institutional” archive support requirements. Benefits of Discipline-based Processing - Pool of existing expertise at 10 cents on the dollar

13. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

14. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Mission RF Operations Services Command Center Cordoba Aquarius Command Schedules And Reports Schedule Confirmation And Reports Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

15. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band S-Band CONAE X-Band Commands Real-Time Telemetry & Coordination X-Band Mission RF Operations Services Command Center Wallops Svalbard Alaska McMurdo NASA Ground Network Vandenberg Cordoba Aquarius Command Schedules And Reports Schedule Confirmation And Reports Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

16. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band S-Band CONAE X-Band Commands Real-Time Telemetry & Coordination X-Band Mission RF Operations Services Command Center Wallops Svalbard Alaska McMurdo NASA Ground Network Vandenberg Cordoba Aquarius Command Schedules And Reports Schedule Confirmation And Reports Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System Calibration & Instrument Configuration Change Requests Instrument Engineering Team Principal Investigator and Science Planning Team

17. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Mission RF Operations Services Command Center Cordoba Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

18. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Mission RF Operations Services Command Center Cordoba 3 - 5 downlinks / day Matera 2 downlinks / day ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

19. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

20. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

21. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Ancillary Data Sources Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System

22. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Ancillary Data Sources Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System Algorithms & Science Code Evaluation Products Science Team and Algorithm Providers

23. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Ancillary Data Sources Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System Algorithms & Science Code Evaluation Products Science Team and Algorithm Providers Insitu Data Aquarius Data AVDS Aquarius Validation Data System

24. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band CONAE X-Band X-Band Data Archive Pre-Processor Cordoba Aquarius Data and Telemetry Ancillary Data Sources Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System Algorithms & Science Code Evaluation Products Science Team and Algorithm Providers Level-1 & Level-3 Aquarius Data Insitu Data Aquarius Data AVDS Aquarius Validation Data System PO.DAAC Aquarius L1, 2, 3 Data Ancillary Data Feedback Data Users and Science Team Software SeaDAS

25. Aquarius Ground System Interfaces S-Band S-Band CONAE X-Band Commands Real-Time Telemetry & Coordination X-Band Data Mission RF Archive Operations Services Command Center Wallops Svalbard Alaska McMurdo Pre-Processor NASA Ground Network Vandenberg Cordoba Aquarius Command Schedules And Reports Aquarius Data and Telemetry Schedule Confirmation And Reports Ancillary Data Sources Matera ADPS ACCS Aquarius Aquarius Data Command & Processing Control System System Calibration & Instrument Configuration Change Requests Algorithms & Science Code Evaluation Products Instrument Engineering Team Principal Investigator and Science Planning Team Science Team and Algorithm Providers Level-1 & Level-3 Aquarius Data Insitu Data Aquarius Data AVDS Aquarius Validation Data System PO.DAAC Aquarius L1, 2, 3 Data Ancillary Data Feedback Data Users and Science Team Software SeaDAS

26. NASA Ground Network AQ/SACD Support

27. Ocean Biology Network and Information Technology Security

28. Aquarius Operations Concept Nominal

29. Operations Concept for Achieving Science Objectives • Orbit description • Sun-synchronous, 6pm ascending node • 98 degree inclination • 657 +/- 1.5 km altitude • 7 day repeat track • Orbit maneuvers approximately every 28 days (delta V) • +/- 10 km box maintenance • Box tolerance expanded during solar max • Inclination maneuvers possible but not planned into the mission • Aquarius operated continuously • AQ Science data loss budget • 2.4 days per month (30.4 days) • Based on maintenance of 0.1 degree thermal stability for AQ • Optional Cold Sky Calibration Maneuvers • Estimated frequency of 1/month • Thermal transient expected to degrade science data for about 1 orbit

30. AQ/SACD Communications Links • S-band 4kbps uplink • S-band 4kbps downlink • Real time Housekeeping Telemetry (HKT) • 4000 byte frame • SAC-D, Aquarius and other instrument HKT (8 instruments total) • X-band 16Mbps downlink • Stored HKT; identical format to the real time HKT frame • Stored science data for all instruments • CCSDS • Aquarius allocation is 4Mbps

31. Operations Ground Station Network • Primary station is CONAE’s ETC facility in Cordoba, Argentina • Aquarius requires a download at least once every 14 hours to avoid buffer overwrite • Single station provides approximately one d/l per 10 hours if both passes taken • Orbit track typically takes AQ/SACD over ETC for two successive ascending passes and two successive descending passes. • One station outage (one “pass set”) results in data overwrite • Margin provided via the addition of a second X-band station • Italy’s ASI provides the Matera site • Global location is ideal for ETC backup; • approximately 90 longitudinal degrees from Cordoba. • Higher latitude offers 3 successive ascending or descending passes vs. ETC’s 2. • Dual station outage now required to cause data loss. • System supports use of all available Matera passes • ASI’s Malindi site in Kenya can be used for S-band downlink • Provides “first look” opportunity for launch vehicle separation, solar array deployment • NASA Ground Network S-band support • S-band uplink/downlink • Emergency support • Maneuver support

32. Nominal Aquarius Commanding • Nominal Aquarius commanding includes • Downlink commands • Possible software maintenace commands • Cold Sky Calibration targeting requests • Possible Science commanding includes • Radiometer control commands • Normally runs as a state machine from on-board Look Up Table (LUT) • Science may request a change to a different LUT (7 pre-programmed, 1 programmable) • Automatic thermal control system commands • Setpoint, Power, Integral, Derivative Parameter changes

33. Cold Sky Calibration • The Cold Sky Calibration is a pitch maneuver under the control of CONAE but requested by the Aquarius science team • Purpose is to rotate Aquarius in the direction of cold space • Specific cold location is selected by AQ science team • Serves as an low temperature calibration point for the Radiometer • Maneuver steps are to: • Pitch toward cold sky • Cold Sky dwell is planned to be approximately 1 minute • Pitch in the reverse direction back to earth pointing • Maneuver occurs away from ground support • NGN provides pre- and post- look pass support

34. Aquarius Downlink • Two Aquarius instruments: • Radiometer (primary) • Scatterometer (ancillary) • Support subsystems: • Automatic Thermal Control • Power Distribution Unit • Instrument Command and Data Subsystem (ICDS) • Antenna, feeds and structure • All subsystems forward science and HKT in fixed formats to the ICDS • ICDS packages HKT and science every 1.44 seconds • Stored in the ICDS RAD6000 RAM • 110 MB of storage capacity • d/l command downloads buffer in circular fashion until stop cmd received • Passed through CCSDS formatter and on to X-band transmitter • ICDS packages HKT and software messages in packetized form (vs. fixed format) every 8 seconds. • 500 bytes • Passed to SACD and inserted into 4000 byte frame • Stored in SACD Mass Memory • When S-band transmitter is on, data is also sent to the ground in real time

35. High Level Description: Aquarius Command Planning Cycle • Aquarius operations: • prepares two weeks of command loads each week • Forwards commands to the Planning System at ETC • Receives acknowledgement report that they were accepted as feasible or not • Approximately one week is available for changes • Then Observatory planning cycle is entered • Aquarius commands are incorporated into SACD and other instrument command plans • Final plan is reported back to Aquarius operations • Plan is uploaded with any duplicate commands deleted

36. Aquarius Operations Concept Anomaly

37. Anomaly Resolution Process • Process developed jointly by JPL, GSFC, CONAE Operations Assurance • In flight, the anomaly process is led by CONAE. • Process is captured in SACD document: SD-2510-0062, SAC-D FLIGHT ANOMALY REPORTING PROCEDURE • Please note that the Science Operations Control Board (SOCB) in Aquarius documentation equates to the SACD Flight Anomaly Review Board (SAFARB) in CONAE documentation. • Instrument anomalies will be resolved by Aquarius team with process still led by CONAE • Process: • Notify management (CONAE, then instrument) • Establish a resolution team led by a control board • Resolve the anomaly under control board authority • Teams will rely on AQ and SACD testbeds to create and test problems and scripts • Report the anomaly via the CONAE Flight Anomaly Report (FAR) system • The Goddard Flight team will also file detailed Aquarius instrument anomaly reports on the Goddard reporting system. Aquarius reports will be sharable with JPL.

38. SAC-D Instrument Ops Team Report anomaly SAC-D Ops Team MOM Report anomaly Other data observer Report anomaly Report anomaly Aquarius Ops Team Any anomaly observer(s) immediately report the detected ground or Observatory problem to the Mission Operations Manager (MOM)

39. Gathers CONAE analysis team to identify problem source 2 Based on analysis result, MOM selects an anomaly resolution team 3 1a May require AQ or 3rd party instrument support; obtain via SOCB MOM 1b Each SOCB member alerts his system team and selects anomaly resolution team members as needed Notifies Science Operations Control Board of the anomaly 4 MOM initiates anomaly response and notification to formulate response team

40. Status to teams Status to teams SOCB Anomaly resolution plan approval Cmd Plan execution reports (status reports) Anomaly resolution team Command plans Command plans Ops Team MOM Observed telemetry changes and observations Observed telemetry changes and observations MOM manages anomaly resolution process with support of SOCB Feedback to MOM; “fix worked” or “more to be done” or “need more help”, etc

41. Aquarius Final Report to GSFC Anomaly tracking system if appropriate SOCB/CONAE Anomaly notes and logs Final Report Anomaly resolution team Ops Team MOM Anomaly notes and logs Anomaly notes and logs MOM generates and distributes final report; Aquarius anomalies may require an additional, separate report filed at GSFC by AQ GS

42. Aquarius Command and Control Requirements

43. ACCS Requirements, Verification and Validation Matrix

44. ACCS Requirements, Verification and Validation Matrix

45. ACCS Requirements, Verification and Validation Matrix

46. ACCS Requirements, Verification and Validation Matrix

47. ACCS Requirements, Verification and Validation Matrix

48. ACCS Gold Rules Compliance Matrix • Initial Gold Rules Compliance Matrix was generated in May, 2005 • Basis was the 12/10/04 release • Verified full compliance; no waivers required • Reviewed again by Steve Scott and David Durham (Aquarius Mission System Engineer) in 2008. Compliance verified.

49. ACCS Documents

50. ACCS Documentation • L3 Aquarius Ground System and Test Requirements • AQ-328-0162 • Final version available for distribution • Aquarius Ground System Integration, Test and Training Plan • AQ-336-0244 • Final version available for distribution • Project Service Level Agreement • 451-PSLA-SACD • Final version available for distribution • Aquarius Operations Processes and Procedures • Future document • ACCS elements of the Aquarius Ground System to Science Team ICD • Future document; draft state • AQ GS – SACD GS ICD is a CONAE document • Most recent version available for distribution. Final version due 4/18/08 • Aquarius/SACD Mission Plan is a CONAE document • Final version available for distribution • Aquarius/SACD Flight Anomaly Reporting Procedure is a CONAE document. • Most recent version available for distribution. Final version due 4/18/08.