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Temperature v. Heat

Temperature v. Heat. Kelvin. 373 K. 100 Kelvins. 273 K. 0 K. Celsius & Kelvin Temperature Scales. Celsius. Boiling point of water. 100 o C. 100 Celsius degrees. Freezing point of water. 0 o C. Absolute zero. -273 o C. Temperature is Average Kinetic Energy.

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Temperature v. Heat

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  1. Temperaturev. Heat

  2. Kelvin 373 K 100 Kelvins 273 K 0 K Celsius & Kelvin Temperature Scales Celsius Boiling point of water 100oC 100 Celsius degrees Freezing point of water 0oC Absolute zero -273oC

  3. Temperature is Average Kinetic Energy “HOT” “COLD” Fast Slow Kinetic Energy (KE) = ½ m v2 *Vector = gives direction and magnitude

  4. Temperature Scales Fahrenheit 212 oF 180 oF 32 oF Celcius 100 oC 100 oC 0 oC Kelvin 373 K 100 K 273 K Boiling point of water Freezing point of water Notice that 1 kelvin degree = 1 degree Celcius

  5. Temperature Scales Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 136

  6. Compare Celsius to Fahrenheit oF – 32 = 1.8 oC Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry2002, page 139

  7. Temperature Scales • Temperature can be subjective and so fixed scales had to be introduced. • The boiling point and freezing point of water are two such points. • Celsius scale (oC) • The Celsius scale divides the range from freezing to boiling into 100 divisions. • Original scale had freezing as 100 and boiling as 0. • Today freezing is 0 oC and boiling is 100 oC. • Fahrenheit scale (oF) • Mercury and alcohol thermometers rely on thermal expansion

  8. Thermal Expansion • Most objects e-x-p-a-n-d when heated • Large structures such as bridges must be built to leave room for thermal expansion • All features expand together Cracks in sidewalk. COLD HOT

  9. Equal Masses of Hot and Cold Water Thin metal wall Insulated box Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry2002, page 291

  10. Water Molecules in Hot and Cold Water Hot water Cold Water 90 oC 10 oC Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry2002, page 291

  11. Water Molecules in the same temperature water Water (50 oC) Water (50 oC) Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry2002, page 291

  12. lower temperature higher temperature Heat versus Temperature Fractions of particles TOTAL Kinetic ENERGY = Heat Kinetic energy

  13. Temperature vs. Heat Alike Different Different Have Kinetic Energy Measured with a Thermometer Measured with a Calorimeter Topic Topic Average Kinetic Energy A Property of Matter Total Kinetic Energy Heat Temperature oCelcius (or Kelvin) Joules (calories) thermometer calorimeter

  14. Conservation of Matter Reactants yield Products

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