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Fractional Distillation Column, Fractional Distillation Manu

Fractional Distillation Column is for fractionating heat sensitive mixture having various components under controlled temperature at atmospheric pressure.

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Fractional Distillation Column, Fractional Distillation Manu

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  1. Separation of Crude Oil

  2. Crude Oil is commonly separated using fractional distillation column. • It comprises of several components that differ in their boiling point. • The distillation of crude oil components based on the principle of vapor pressure. The boiling of liquid takes place at the temperature when vapor pressure gets equal to that of atmospheric pressure.

  3. Components present in Crude Oil and its Boiling point • Petroleum Gas: 40 deg C • Gasoline: 40 – 100 deg C • Kerosene: 200 – 250 deg C • Heating oil: 250 – 300 deg C • Lubricating oil: 300 – 370 Deg C • Residue , Asphalt above 370 deg C

  4. The distillation column in which separation takes place comprises of the number of trays in which liquid get collected and removed for further purification. • The separation of components occurs in the case if they differ in the boiling temperature by at least at unit of 25 deg C.

  5. Fractional distillationhas several advantages over the simple distillation process. • Simple distillation accomplished with a simple setup consumes less energy and facilitates faster distillation while, in contrast fractionating column is a complex arrangement and consumes more energy.

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