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Northern Renaissance Art. Characteristics. Italian influence strong, but NOT a copy-cat New technology = Painting in OIL The differences between the two cultures: Italy change was inspired by humanism (classical antiquity)
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Characteristics • Italian influence strong, but NOT a copy-cat • New technology = Painting in OIL • The differences between the two cultures: • Italy change was inspired by humanism (classical antiquity) • No. Europe change was driven by religious reform, the return to Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church.
Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art, cont. • attention to details. • Tendency toward realism & naturalism [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”]. • Interest in landscapes. • More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life, details of domestic interiors, & portraits
Flemish Realism
Rogier van der Weyden (1399-1464) The Deposition 1435
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife(Wedding Portrait)Jan Van Eyck1434
Quentin Massys (1465-1530) • Belonged to the humanist circle in Antwerp that included Erasmus. • Influenced by da Vinci. • Thomas More called him “the renovator of the old art.” • The Ugly Dutchess, 1525-1530
The Ill-Matched Lovers Massys, 1520
Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) • The greatest of German artists. • A scholar as well as an artist. • His patron was the Emperor Maximilian I. • Also a scientist • Wrote books on geometry, fortifications, and human proportions. • Self-conscious individualism of the Renaissance is seen in his portraits. • Self-Portrait at 26, 1498.
The Low Countries
Hans Holbein, the Younger (1497-1543) • One of the great German artists who did most of his work in England. • While in Basel, he befriended Erasmus. • Erasmus Writing, 1523 • Henry VIII was his patron from 1536. • Great portraitist noted for: • Objectivity & detachment. • Doesn’t conceal the weaknesses of his subjects.
Artist to the Tudors Henry VIII (left), 1540 and the future Edward VI (above), 1543.
Holbein’s, The Ambassadors, 1533 A Skull
The English Were More Interested in Architecture than Painting Hardwick Hall, designed by Robert Smythson in the 1590s, for the Duchess of Shrewsbury [more medieval in style].
Burghley House for William Cecil The largest & grandest house of the early Elizabethan era.