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The rise of the extremist parties. Fragility of parliamentary system. Economic crisis. Appeal of Nazi party / propaganda / Hitler. Little support 1924-28. KPD. Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund. KPD. Ernst Thälmann.
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Fragility of parliamentary system Economic crisis Appeal of Nazi party / propaganda / Hitler
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund KPD
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern KPD
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 KPD
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 KPD
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 Little support 1924-28 KPD NSDAP
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Sturmabteilung (SA) KPD NSDAP
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Sturmabteilung (SA) Start-up in 1925, Focus on Hitler KPD NSDAP
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Sturmabteilung (SA) Start-up in 1925, Focus on Hitler Seeks power by legal means KPD NSDAP
Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Roter Frontkämpferbund Loyal to Moscow and the Comintern Perceives SPD as „social fascists“ – split in 1929 Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 300,000 Little support 1924-28 Paramilitary organisation: Sturmabteilung (SA) Start-up in 1925, Focus on Hitler Seeks power by legal means Members: 1930: 130,000 1932: 450,000 Jan. 1933: 720,000 KPD NSDAP
Right to work • Abolition of child labour • Old-age-pension-system • Confiscation of war profits
Nazi economic programme • State socialism: Economy serves the people, not the individual State oversees direction of economy
Nazi economic programme • State socialism: Economy serves the people, not the individual State oversees direction of economy • Autarkic economic development: Self-sufficiency through Lebensraum in Central Europe
Nazi economic programme • State socialism: Economy serves the people, not the individual State oversees direction of economy • Autarkic economic development: Self-sufficiency through Lebensraum in Central Europe • Direct state intervention in monetary matters: Public investment Cheap money policy Investing in capital goods
Workers attracted by the Nazis • Nationalistic workers
Workers attracted by the Nazis • Nationalistic workers • Workers of the domestic / stagnant sector
Workers attracted by the Nazis • Nationalistic workers • Workers of the domestic / stagnant sector • Unemployed workers
Workers attracted by the Nazis • Nationalistic workers • Workers of the domestic / stagnant sector • Unemployed workers • Workers with the desire for social mobility
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD • 17. Feb. 1933: firearms can be used
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD • 17. Feb. 1933: firearms can be used • 24. Feb 1933: headquarters of KPD closed
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD • 17. Feb. 1933: firearms can be used • 24. Feb 1933: headquarters of KPD closed • 28.Feb. 1933: burning of the Reichstag blamed on KPD – Emergency Decree
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD • 17. Feb. 1933: firearms can be used • 24. Feb 1933: headquarters of KPD closed • 28.Feb. 1933: burning of the Reichstag blamed on KPD – Emergency Decree • 7. April 1933: Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service
Persecution of the KPD • 2. Feb 1933: assembly ban on KPD • 17. Feb. 1933: firearms can be used • 24. Feb 1933: headquarters of KPD closed • 28.Feb. 1933: burning of the Reichstag blamed on KPD – Emergency Decree • 7. April 1933: Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service • 1. May 1933: „Marxism is dead“
Persecution of the SPD • 8. Mar 1933: occupation of trade union buildings, arrest of functionaries
Persecution of the SPD • 8. Mar 1933: occupation of trade union buildings, arrest of functionaries • 10. Mar 1933: arrest of SPD politicians (leaders, deputies, mayors)
Persecution of the SPD • 8. Mar 1933: occupation of trade union buildings, arrest of functionaries • 10. Mar 1933: arrest of SPD politicians (leaders, deputies, mayors) • 11.Mar 1933: occupation of Reichsbanner headquarters, arrest of trade union leaders
Persecution of the SPD • 8. Mar 1933: occupation of trade union buildings, arrest of functionaries • 10. Mar 1933: arrest of SPD politicians (leaders, deputies, mayors) • 11.Mar 1933: occupation of Reichsbanner headquarters, arrest of trade union leaders • 22. Jun 1933: SPD enemy of the state, all remaining socialists arrested