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Animal Farm by George Orwell

Delve into George Orwell's Animal Farm as an allegory of the Russian Revolution, discovering the author's purpose, historical context, main characters, and persuasive techniques. Analyze key speeches and themes to gain insights into societal issues and power dynamics. Unravel the propaganda tools used by Stalin and Hitler, and examine the significance of equality, ignorance, and power within the novel and real life. Enhance your understanding with discussions, vocabulary, and additional resources.

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Animal Farm by George Orwell

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  1. Animal Farm by George Orwell

  2. Objectives Lit Terms-allegory, satire, fable Persuasive Devices-band wagon, loaded words, plain folks, snob appeal, misuse of stats, transfer

  3. Author Background George Orwell-1903-1950 Pseudonym for Eric Blair English Author & Journalist Author of acclaimed novels 1984 Animal Farm Author’s Purpose: “In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act.” Orwell

  4. Define Allegory Fable Satire

  5. Definitions Allegory-a story that is both literal and symbolic and closely parallels another Fable-a brief story with animals characters that teaches a moral or lesson Satire-writing that ridicules human weakness

  6. Summary • Animal Farm is an allegory for the Russian Revolution of 1918. It is a story about political totalitarianism and abuses in power-especially in communist governments.

  7. Russian History • 1825-1st failed attempt to overthrow the Russian czar by a minority group of educated citizens • Karl Marx-father of Communism; German philosopher; author of The Communist Manifesto; believed revolution must occur with the proletariat; died before he could see his theory in practice

  8. Karl Marx • 1818-1883 • “Religion is the • opiate of the people.”

  9. Marxism-split into 2 parties • Mensheviks-believed in a democratic form of government (minority) • Bolsheviks-believed in ruling the lower classes (majority) • Led by Vladimir Lenin & Leon Trotsky • Trotsky is eventually exiled and assassinated in Mexico.

  10. Lenin & Trotsky

  11. Russian History cont… • Czar Nicholas II- • last czar of Russia • Assassinated along with his wife and children by the Bolshevik party in Siberia, July 17, 1918

  12. The Romanovs

  13. Russian History cont… • Josef Stalin-1879-1953 • leader of Bolsheviks • Creator of the Secret Police • Creator of “Pravda”-Russian newspaper meaning “TRUTH” • Sent dissenters to the Gulag/Siberia (work camps)

  14. Josef Stalin • Seven-ten million Russians were put to death during his leadership. • “The death of one man is a tragedy. The death of millions merely a statistic.” J. Stalin

  15. Discuss • Why is Hitler a more • notorious despot than Stalin? • Discuss: • WWII Allies and enemies • What propaganda tools did both Stalin and Hitler use to control others?

  16. Novel Characters/Allegory • Farmer Jones • Old Major • Snowball • Napoleon • Squealer • Boxer • Puppies/Dogs • Sheep

  17. Chapter 1 Outline • Setting • List characters’ names/animal type • Problem/Issue-quotation

  18. Analyze Old Major’s Speech • Pgs 5-8 • Rhetorical Question pg 5 Explain the implied answer. Identify +5 loaded language from that paragraph. • Main Idea- pg 5 • Appeal to Fear (+3) pg 6,7 • False Dilemma (+2 either/or) pg 7,8 • Old Major’s Purpose? Pg. 7 • Old Major’s speech-Logos or Pathos? • Is the speech effective and persuasive?

  19. Chapter 2 Outline • 4 New Characters-pgs 12,13,14-list & describe (+3 adjectives) • Rebellion/Cause and effect-pgs 15,16 • Pig Power Examples-pgs 20,21 • Equality-milk and apples?-pg 22 • Quote-inequality or abuse in power

  20. Outline Chapter 3 Creating of new society-list elements-pg 26,27 Education of proletariat-pg 27-29 Mystery of the Milk-pg 30 Squealer’s Speech-logical fallacies & persuasive devices

  21. Analyze Squealer’s Speech • Pg 31-32 • Slippery Slope • False Authority • Misuse of Stats • Appeal to Fear • Rhetorical Question • Explain the purpose of this speech. • Is the claim stated or implied? • What is the effect on the audience?

  22. Logical Fallacies • appeal to fear • personal attack {ad hominem} • false dilemma • false analogy • slippery slope • non sequitur • false authority

  23. Theme/Agree or Disagree • In society people are not treated equally. • Examples from real life? from the novel? • Is equality an ideal condition for a society?

  24. Theme/Agree or Disagree • People’s ignorance contributes to their oppression. • Examples from real life? from the novel? • How important is literacy within a free society?

  25. Theme/Agree of Disagree • Power is a corrupting force. • Examples from real life? from the novel? • Are immoral or dishonest people more likely to seek power?

  26. Persuasive Devices/define • Testimonial • Band Wagon • Use of Statistics • Plain Folks • Rhetoric: parallelism, repetition, rhetorical question, diction, loaded words

  27. Analyze Napoleon’s Speech • Pg 63-65 • Loaded Words (connotation) • Ad hominem • Bandwagon pgs 75,76 • Figurative Language/poem pg 83 • What is the purpose of his speech and poem?

  28. Persuasive Devices: Bandwagon Transfer Plain Folks Loaded Words Logical Fallacies: Appeal to Fear False Authority +3 Unit 5 vocabulary Pig Ads: Milk & Apples Cafe

  29. Persuasive Devices: Snob Appeal Misuse of Stats Testimonial Loaded Words Logical Fallacies: Slippery Slope Non Sequitor +3 Unit 5 vocabulary Pig Ads: Windmill Luxury Resort

  30. Additional Resources • Churchill Speech-Sinews of Peace • http://www.winstonchurchill.org/resources/speeches/1946-1963-elder-statesman/120-the-sinews-of-peace • PDF-online text • https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/o/orwell/george/o79a/index.html • Video-Land and Bread • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HVMaj8IdlQ&feature=youtu.be

  31. RESOURCES • https://www.commonlit.org/texts/the-russian-revolution • Video background-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDrhX2DrKjk

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