The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

1. The Skeletal and Muscular Systems Aim: To understand the role played by the skeletal and muscular systems in our bodies. You will learn • The functions of the skeleton. • Three types of joint. • How joints allow movement. • The structure of a moveable joint. • The role of muscles in movement. • An example of antagonistic muscles and how they work. www.kidshealth.orgFor video on muscle and bone

3. Skeletal System 206 Total Bones

4. Skeleton – main bones Skull Mandible Collar bone Shoulder blade Breast bone Humerus Rib Vertebral Column Ulna Pelvis Radius Sacrum Carpals Coccyx Metacarpals Phalanges Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

5. Functions of the Skeleton The skeleton has three functions: • Support:it gives the body shape otherwise we would collapse • Movement: Along with our muscles the skeleton allows us to move. • Protection : Many bones protect soft parts ot the body for example • The skull protects the brian • The backbone protects the spinal cord

6. Bone Bone is living tissue that can grow and repair itself made of • Bone cells • A blood supply • Nerves • Calcium – which makes bone hard and strong. • Flat Bone • Long Bone • Short Bone Head – Body - Head Provides Protection As wide as they are long

7. A joint is where two bones meet. The function of a joint is allow movement.

8. Types Of Joints Pivot Hinge Top of the neck Elbow/Knee Fused Ball & Socket Shoulder/Hip skull

9. Skeletal System Information

10. Allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissue Connective Tissues • Cartilage – • Ligament – • Tendon – • Ligaments connect bone to bone • Tendons join muscle to muscle or muscle to bone

11. Antagonistic Muscles Muscles only contract (get shorter) the cannot get longer. Pairs of muscles which work opposite to each other are called antagonistic pairs of muscles.

12. Conditions of the Skeletal System