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Explore the impact of geography on Aegean cultures, trade effects on Minoan customs, Mycenaean adaptation, and Trojan culture in this interactive lesson. Uncover rich history and connections in this engaging exploration.
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EarlyGreece Lesson 1
Objectives • Evaluate how geography affected people of the Aegean Cultures. • Study the effects of trade on the growth of the Minoan customs and ideas to their way of life. • Observe how the Mycenaeans adapted Minoan Customs and ideas to their way of life. • Analyze the Trojan culture as viewed through Homer’s epics.
Key Content • The Cycladic people lived on Aegean islands, where they farmed and traded. • The Minoan culture, based on Crete, made bronze items for trade. • The Mycenaean culture adapted writing methods and other ideas from the Minoans. • Homer’s epic, the Iliad, describes battles between the Mycenaeans and the Trojans, who lived strategically in Asia Minor.
Vocabulary Words • Dominant • Mythology • Decimal System • Strategic • Epic
Mythology: A collection of traditional stories, handed down from one generation to another.
Epic : A long poem that tells the story about events in the life of a hero.
Lesson Skill • The Skill for this lesson is Cause and Effect. What is a Cause? What is an Effect?
About Greece’s Geography • Greece lies in the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. • Greece is made up of a mainland and islands. • There are as many as 2,000 islands surrounding the Greek mainland. • The Greek mainland is filled with mountains and a rugged coastline.
Aegean Civilization • There are four cultures that flourished (developed) along the Greek coastline. The four cultures are known as the Aegean Civilization because of their location in and around the Aegean Sea. • Cycladic Culture • Minoan Culture • Mycenaean Culture • Trojan Culture
The Cycladic Culture(About 3,000 B.C.) • The Cycladic culture began in the Cyclades. • Cyclades is a group of 200 islands located east of the Greek mainland in the southern Aegean Sea.
The Cycladic Culture • Historians know about the culture and people of the Cyclades by studying artifacts. • Because of this, many of the questions about the Cyclades ways of life may never be answered. • Identify the Cause and Effect and write it in your copy book.
Read the Cycladic Culture on page 244 and 245 identify what caused the people to follow the customs of a dominant culture. (WRITE IN YOUR COPY BOOK
The Cycladic Culture • Most Cycladic artifacts were found by archaeologists in tombs. • Around 2,000 B.C. the Cycladic culture began to weaken because of Volcanos & Earth Quakes) • As a result the Cycladic people began to follow the customs and traditions of the dominant neighboring cultures.
How do archaeologists and historians know about the people of the Cycladic culture? • Give an example of how geography influenced the Cycladic people? • What was the effect of the weakening of the Cycladic culture?
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) The Minoan culture began on the large island of Crete.
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • Historians named this culture in honor of Minos, the king of Crete in Greek mythology.
The Minoan Culture • Minoan culture began as an agricultural society (farm villages) then grew into cities.
Read the Minoan culture on page 245 (IN GROUPS). Based on what you read give two data that supports that the Minoans were the wealthiest of the Aegean civilizations. • ANSWER IN COPYBOOK
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • Minoans began to build large, decorated palaces in about 2,000 B.C. • These decorated palaces were filled with walls that had paintings on them.
The Minoan Culture Palace at Knossos
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • Trading with southwestern Asia helped the Minoans to learn how to use bronze.
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • Minoans had a writing system where they used pictographs. What is a pictograph?
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • The Minoans had a counting system called the decimal system. (Based on the number 10)
The Minoan Culture(About 2,700 B.C.) • The Minoan culture disappeared by the 1,100 B.C. after a great fire destroyed nearly all the cities and palaces in Crete. • After the fire people called the Mycenaeans ruled Crete.
What was the effect of the Minoans becoming wealthy traders? • Why do you think the Minoans created a counting and writing system? • What caused the Mycenaeans to rule the city of Crete? • How did Minoan trading lead to the use of bronze?
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) The Mycenaean culture takes its name from Mycenae, a city located on the south peninsula of Greece called Peloponnesus.
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) • By the 1,500s B.C. the Mycenaean culture had become the dominant culture in the area. • Mycenaeans were traders, as a result they learned Minoan ways and adapted them to fit their own culture.
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) • The Mycenaean adapted several Minoan ways Art Styles Mycenaean/ Minoan Way of writing Building palaces in the cities
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) • The Palaces in Mycenae were surrounded by huge walls with a large gateway. • This suggests that the palaces were important and used as places of safety during times of war.
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) • Like the Minoans, the Mycenaeans sailed all over the Mediterranean Sea to. They sailed to: • Trade • Start new settlements • Make new wars
The Mycenaean Culture(About 1,900 B.C.) Earthquake End of the Mycenaean culture Weak leaders Food shortages Dorians migration
What are some of the things the Mycenaeans adopted from the Minoans. • What are some of the causes of the Mycenaeans losing power? • What caused the Mycenaeans to adopt the ways of the Minoans?
The Trojan Culture(About 2,900 B.C.) The Trojan culture was located in the ancient city of Troy, located in Asia Minor.
The Trojan Culture(About 2,900 B.C.) • Troy’s location was very strategic . • TThisstrait (waterway) separated Asia from Europe and allowed passage to the Black Sea for trading and warfare.
The Trojan Culture(About 2,900 B.C.) • We learned about Troy from stories that are apart of our world literature. • A Greek poet named Homer wrote epics like Illiad and Odyssey which both described the city of Troy. Homer
The Trojan Culture(About 2,900 B.C.) • The city of Troy was protected by very high walls, that seemed to impossible to break through. • However, a Mycenaean hero found a way to bring down the city of Troy.
The Trojan Culture(About 2,900 B.C.) One of the stories we know about Troy is called the Trojan War or The Trojan Horse. This story taught us about how the city of Troy was invaded and destroyed.
What made Troy very strategic? • How did the walls help the people of Troy protect themselves? • What is the story of the Trojan horse? • What is an epic?
