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Multicellular Organization. Objectives. Describe cell specialization List the levels of organization in living multicellular organisms. Unicellular Organisms. These are single cell organisms Unicellular organisms dominate the Earth. Multicellular Organisms.
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Objectives • Describe cell specialization • List the levels of organization in living multicellular organisms
Unicellular Organisms • These are single cell organisms • Unicellular organisms dominate the Earth
Multicellular Organisms • These organisms are made up of many cells • Cell specialization is the process how cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks
first microscopic life (3.6 bya) • first oxygen appears in atmosphere (1.9 bya) • first multicellular life (900 mya) • first land plants appear (450 mya) • formation of the Atlantic Ocean begins (150 mya) • formation of the Himalayas begins (30 mya)
Evolution of Multicellular Organization • Simple prokaryotes were the first type of life on Earth • Single cell eukaryotes evolved next • Some of these began to form into colonies, like the Volvox • From these colonial organisms, multicellular eukaryotes evolved
Specialized Animal Cells • Examples include: • Red blood cells • White blood cells • Bone cells • Muscle cells
Specialized Plant Cells • An example would be Guard Cells • These regulate gas and water flow from leaves
Levels of Organizations • Cells • Tissues- a group of similar cells that perform a particular function • Organs- many groups of tissues that work together • Organ System- group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
Review • Describe cell specialization • Cell specialization is the process how cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks • List the levels of organization in living multicellular organisms • Tissues • Organs • Organ System