Puritan New England: Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay Colonies

1. Ch 2 – European Colonies Section 3 – Puritan New England • Plymouth Colony • Massachusetts Bay Colony

2. Shortly after the settlement at Jamestown, other individuals in England were feeling the need to make the journey across the Atlantic to the New World… for far different reasons!!

3. The Puritans These people were known as Puritans, because they possessed a desire to “purify” the Church of England and get rid of all traces of Roman Catholic methods. However, their ideas were radical; many thought they “went too far” in their ideas… So they were ridiculed, hated on, and got rotten vegetables thrown at them…

4. Puritans = Separatists = Pilgrims Many fled to Holland, but were persecuted there as well…. So the idea to separate themselves entirely from European religion and society became appealing to some Puritan families…. These early Separatists would soon be known as the original Pilgrims. By 1620, they sailed in ships like the Mayflower to settle… Plymouth Colony (at Plymouth Rock)

5. The Pilgrims at Plymouth These early colonists, in creating the 2nd successful settlement after Jamestown, would become famous for 2 major things: • Thanksgiving • The Mayflower Compact

6. The Pilgrims were clueless about how to find food, fish local rivers, & plant crops… in such a new, foreign, cold, and unexplored land like Massachusetts. Many faced starvation and disease, until local Native Americans bailed them out.

7. The Mayf lower Compact The Pilgrims developed the first local democratic government in the New World. It was based on “just and equal laws…for the good of the colony…” Though simplistic and very basic, It would eventually have an impact on the Founding Fathers of the United States, when deciding upon a U.S. government over 150 years later.

8. wKnowledge Checkpoint 1 • Why did the Puritans leave England • and Europe entirely? • Why did they gain the name “Pilgrims”? • 3. After settling at Plymouth, what 2 things are they most known for?

9. Another Puritan Exodus After the first group of Puritans settled at Plymouth, other groups of Puritans decided to follow their example… John Winthrop, a Puritan leader, petitioned the King for a royal charter, permitting him to create a joint-stock company. This would be called the Massachusetts Bay Company.

10. What is a Joint-Stock Company? During this time period, rich people in Europe (in this case England), decided to put their money into an investment(in this case a colony) with the hopes of making more profit. Since colonies require a lot of people, supplies, and money, these companies were the reason Jamestown and Massachusetts Bay colonies could be created. It required the King’s permission to create the Virginia Company and Massachusetts Bay Co.

11. Massachusetts Bay Colony By 1630, John Winthrop and 17 ships full of Puritan families settled around what is today Boston. It would become the capital city.

12. A “City Upon a Hill” John Winthrop wanted this colony to be like a “city upon a hill”. What he meant was: • Our colony will be a model place in the New World: • The Church IS the government! • No persecution! (as long as you’re a Puritan) • Some of us are “chosen” by God to carry out his will; we are known as the “elect”. • We must be known for our hard work, always being humble, and living strict God-fearing lives! • That means NO: • Partying, drinking booze, playing cards, singing, dancing, kissing/hugging in public, sports, being lazy, cursing, stealing, selling things for profit… Colony’s 1st governor

13. 3 results of a strict society Winthrop’s ideas for a close-knit religious colony had 3 major impacts: • A hypocritical intolerance • Dissension • Conflict with Native Americans

14. Many were jailed or even killed (for example, the Salem Witch Trials of 1692) for behaving differently than the established Puritan majority of the villages. 3 results of a strict society • A hypocritical intolerance: Many view the Puritans as hypocrites, because they ran away from persecution and intolerance in Europe, but ended up persecuting and being intolerant towards those different than them in the colony they created.

15. Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson 3 results of a strict society • Dissension Several Puritans dissented, meaning they spoke out against or rebelled against the strict policies of the colony. The most well-known were:

16. Famous Dissenters • Roger Williams • Fled Massachusetts Bay Colony • Settled Rhode Island Colony • Built Providence as capital city • Separated Church and State • Freedom of religion • Anne Hutchinson • Believed people could interpret the Bible on their own, without • Church and village ministers • Kicked out of Mass. Bay Colony • Settled in Dutch New Netherland (today’s New York) Bunch of morons, I’m getting out of here! Look, I’m pregnant with my 15th kid, and all I’m gettin’ from you haters is bad vibes. I be da original girl power!!!

17. 3 results of a strict society • Conflict with Native Americans Those local Native Americans who refused to convert to Christianity or sell their land to Puritans of the colony were met with hostility and violence. The Pequot War and King Philip’s War Between 1637 and 1675, these 2 wars saw savage attacks on Puritan settlements, and the destruction / burning of native villages. In the end, natives were either killed off or forced West. The severed head of Metacom, Wampanoag chief, was displayed in Plymouth as a trophy for 20 years. Happy Thanksgiving right?

18. wKnowledge Checkpoint 2 1. How did the settlement of Massachusetts Bay Colony differ from Plymouth Colony? 2. What was John Winthrop’s goal and why? 3. Why did some individuals dissent from the colony?