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Decline of the Classical Civilizations

Decline of the Classical Civilizations. AP WORLD. Fall of Classical Civs. Between 200 and 600 CE all three classical civilizations collapsed Germanic invaders disrupt the Roman Empire The Huns invaded Rome Another Hun Group disrupted the Gupta Empire in India.

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Decline of the Classical Civilizations

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  1. Decline of the Classical Civilizations AP WORLD

  2. Fall of Classical Civs • Between 200 and 600 CE all three classical civilizations collapsed • Germanic invaders disrupt the Roman Empire • The Huns invaded Rome • Another Hun Group disrupted the Gupta Empire in India

  3. Han China/Roman Empire suffered from severe internal weaknesses well before the invasions • By 100 CE Han China is in serious decline • Han and Roman share many characteristics of decline

  4. Political ineffectiveness • Inability to push back invaders • Revolution/Civil War • Daoists: Yellow Turbans • Peasant unrest • Epidemics

  5. China, post-classical • China does revive itself towards the end of the 6th century • Sui Dynasty • Tang Dynasty (618 CE)

  6. India • India was always a REGIONAL kingdom, whereas the Emperor shared power with local princes • This control was declining by the mid-5th century • Invasions • Regional Princes, the Rajput, controlled the small states of India • Indian Culture continues to evolve • Affected by Muslim armies after 600 CE

  7. Roman Decline • After 180 CE, Roman fell into disrepair • Corruption • Declining population • Declining tax revenue • Disputes over succession to the throne • Intervention of the army • Plagues • International trade… • Economic Decline

  8. Roman Collapse • DECLINE OF THE UPPER CLASS • Influence • Creativity • Deadening effect of authoritarian rule • Sole interest in luxury

  9. In the West… • As conditions worsened, as economic life became more precarious • Farmers clustered under the protection of large landowners • Offer food, work, shelter, and SAFETY • Local Stability, but weakened the power of the Emperor • Cities SHRINK in size

  10. Diocletian (284-305 CE) tries to improve the Empire • Improve administration • Improve tax collection • Worship Emperor as a GOD • Persecute Christians

  11. Constantine (312-337 CE) • Set up second Capital City in the EAST to regulate that side of the Empire more effectively: Constantinople (the city of Byzantium) • Adopts Christianity to help unify the empire

  12. Decline was exacerbated by the Germanic Invasions (which only totaled about 5% of the Population) • BUT…Rome was so weak…they were successful • The final Roman Emperor was displaced in 476 CE

  13. Post-Classical Mediterranean • Eastern portion of Empire: Centered on Constantinople • BYZANTINE EMPIRE • Justinian (527-565 CE) tries to recapture heritage of Rome • Justinians Code: Codified Law • Middle East: Parthian and Sassanid empires serve as a bridge between Mediterranean World and the East

  14. North Africa: Regional Kingdoms • Coptic Church: Egypt • North African Christianity • WESTERN EUROPE: Middle Ages • Feudalism • Regional Kingdoms

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