Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

1. Module B. Organization behavior. A global view. José Onofre Montesa Andrés Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Escuela Superior de Informática Aplicada 2003-2004

2. Introduction • In this Module we are going to review the management concepts, and we will focus in concepts as directing, influence or leadership. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

3. ¿What is direction? • Management functions. • Management levels. • Director Abilities. • Manager functions. • Management Objectives. • Management sciences base. • A systemic view. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

4. ¿What is direction? • Individuals who achieve goals through other people. • Management activities conduced to energize, motivate and guide staff to achieve organization goals. • Behavior Sciences are necessary in this field GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

5. Management objectives. • Clarify the objectives. • Usually identify… • Organizes team objectives in order to obtain the enterprise ones. • Easy the tasks work giving the necessary support. • Participate in decisions and respond of them. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

6. Management responsibility • Responsible for team achievement and failure • Team effectiveness: • Achieve Objectives • Team Efficiency: • Use the minimum quantity of resources to achieve the objective. Manager responsibility Manager effort GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

7. Management process PLAN STAFF, DIRECT, CONTROL ORGANIZE GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

8. The functions of Managers. • Planning • Selecting missions and objectives, and the actions to achieve them. • Organizing • Involves establishing an intentional structures for people to fill in an organization • leading • Influencing people so that they will contribute to organization and group goals. • Controlling • Measuring and correcting of the activities of subordinates to ensure that events conform to plans. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

9. Management at different organizational levels. Controlling Organizing Planning Leading Top level Managers Middle level managers First level supervisors Percent effort GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

10. Managerial skills and the organizational hierarchy. Conceptual and design skills Top level Managers Middle level managers Human skills Technical skills First level supervisors GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

11. Technical skills • The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise in: • Methods, • processes y • Procedures. • Example: • Software project manager: • Take decisions about tools, • Understands the generated problems by this tool. • Teach workers how to use this tools. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

12. Human skills • The ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups • Cooperative effort. • Create and manage teamwork. • Creation of an environment in which people feel secure and free to express ideas their opinions. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

13. Conceptual skills • The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations. • See the “big picture”. • Recognize significant elements in a situation, • Understand the relation among the elements. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

14. Design skills • The capacity to solve problems beneficing the enterprise • Generate practical solutions to problems. • This is an important ability because seen problems is not enough manager must solve problems. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

15. Alta Dirección Dirección media Directores de primer nivel Operative vs. directing work Trabajo Directivo • Directive work consists in organize and impulse other people to work. • Operative work consists on applying intellectual and physical capacities in an individual or collective manner as a part of a process. Trabajo Operativo GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

16. Management Roles • Mintzberg concludes that managers perform then different highly interrelated roles. This roles can be grouped in: • Interpersonal roles • Informational roles • Decisional roles GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

17. Interpersonal roles: • Figurehead: Ceremonial and symbolic. The enterprise face. • Leadership: Shows the way to follow. Includes hiring, training, motivating and disciplining employees. • Liaison: contacting outsiders who provide the manager with information. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

18. Informational roles: • Monitor: receive and collect information from outside their own. • Disseminator: transmit information to organizational members. • Spokesperson: transmit information to outsiders (plans, policies, actions and results). GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

19. Decisional roles: • Entrepreneur: initiate and oversee new projects that will improve the organization’s performance. • Disturbance handler: responsible for corrective action when organization faces unexpected disturbances. • Resource allocator: responsible for allocating human, monetary, etc… • Negotiator. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

20. Systemic view. Transformation Process Inputs Output Management Environment GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

21. Management visibility Structure, Environment, Management functions... Organizational Behavior GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

22. Contributing disciplines to management • Engineering (efficiency) • Economy (Resources) • Accounting (Records, Auditoria) • Law (Justice, Legality) • Statistics (deal with uncertainty) • Mathematics (models) • Psychology (Needs, emotions…) • Sociology (groups) • Anthropology (history,environment) • Communication (nets…) GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

23. Principles of management • Objectives Harmonization (people-organization) • Motivation (recompenses system) • Leadership (efficacy) • Communication (clear message) • Communication integrity (oral, written and non verbal messages consistency) • Use of the informal organization (quick communication) GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.

24. Bibliography: • Weihrich, H. “Management: Science, Theory, and Practice” en Software Engineering Project Management, 2ed. IEEE, 1997. • Mackenzie, R.A., “The Management Process in 3-D” en Software Engineering Project Management, 2ed. IEEE, 1997. GpiIC-0 Module B. Organization behavior. A global view.