1 / 20

Matthias Roetting, Ph.D. Eye Movement Analyses

This research from the Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety explores the use of eye movement analysis in developing standardized descriptions of driving simulator scenarios, taking into account human factors considerations. The study examines various aspects of work, ergonomics, and task analysis to understand the physiological costs and societal implications of driving simulation.

jbradford
Download Presentation

Matthias Roetting, Ph.D. Eye Movement Analyses

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety Matthias Roetting, Ph.D.Eye Movement Analyses 2005 TRB WorkshopDevelopment of Standardized Descriptions of Driving Simulator Scenarios: Human Factors Considerations

  2. Eye video example

  3. Level concept of ergonomics Eye tracking 7. Political and societal organization of work 6. Forms of industrial relations and organization 5. Forms of cooperation in groups and human relations 4. Forms and types of work and personal activity (individual work) 3. Subtasks and workplaces 3.1 Functional means of a person 3.2 Purpose oriented subsystems 2. Operations with tools and working means 2.1 Biological and psychological basics 2.2 Technical basics of work design 1. Vegetative systems and environmental factors 1.1 Anatomy and physiology of autonomous body functions 1.2 Physical and chemical basics of work environment Luczak et al., 1987

  4. Models guiding task analysis Level Focus 7 Use of analytical knowledge from task analysis for societal purposes 6 Inner-company and intercompany organizational determination of task structures 5 Task structure and group organization 4 Combination of tasks to a job 3 Single- and multitasks in human-machine interaction 2 Time consumption 1 Physiological costs Level Focus 7 Use of analytical knowledge from task analysis for societal purposes 6 Inner-company and intercompany organizational determination of task structures 5 Task structure and group organization 4 Combination of tasks to a job 3 Single- and multitasks in human-machine interaction 2 Time consumption 1 Physiological costs Luczak, 1997

  5. Principals of eye movement registration 2. and 3. Purkinje image 4. Purkinje image Retinal after image Blood vessels onthe Retina Curvature of the Cornea Corneo-retinal potential Pupil Reflection of the retina Cornea reflex, 1. Purkinje image Limbus

  6. Principals of EMR Electro-Oculogram (EOG)

  7. Principals of EMR Video-based methods Optics Module Illuminators Limbus tracking

  8. raw data Eye/gaze movement parameters eye movements saccade

  9. raw data • saccade • duration • width • vmax • amax • skew • start point • end point Eye/gaze movement parameters eye movements fixation

  10. Fixation durations ms

  11. gaze movements t start searchfor object D search time saccadiclatency appearanceof object C • gaze • duration • position object A object C object D object B object C raw data • saccade • duration • width • vmax • amax • skew • start point • end point Eye/gaze movement parameters Transition eye movements • fixation • duration • position • visual field

  12. Eye/gaze movement parameters Level 1 - Determination of physiological costs Level 2 - Explanation, calculation and prediction of times Level 3 - Analysis of Human-Machine-Interaction • Level 1 - Determination of physiological costs • Changes in arousal • Fatigue and vigilance • Changes in visual field • Changes due to secondary task • “Cost” of moving the eye • Level 2 - Explanation, calculation and prediction of times • Duration of information acquisition and information processing • Duration of transitions • Duration of search • Level 3 - Analysis of human-machine-interaction • Analysis of spatial layout • Analysis of search processes • Analysis of information acquisition and information processing • Analysis of levels of processing

  13. Driving “Rejection of the environment” “Environmental intake” Decreaseswith difficulty Level 1: Changes in arousal • Mental arithmetic • Identical set of three-digit numbers (e.g. 526) • Easy: dividable by 4? • Difficult: dividable by 3 and/or 4? • Mean fixation duration • Easy: 792 ms • Difficult: 1,504 ms • Increases with difficulty

  14. Level 1: Secondary task influence • Entropy-Rate • Degree of regularity or randomness of the viewing behavior • Based on the first order (pairs of fixations) and sometimes the second order (triples of fixations) transition frequencies • The entropy rate of the Conventional VSI w/o secondary task is equal to the Vertical VSI with a secondary task every 22 seconds .045 Secondary task Harris et al., 1982

  15. Level 2: duration of inf. acquisition Fairclough et al., 1993

  16. Relative number of fixations Outside view time viewed 90 % 0.5 % 1.5 % Left mirror Right mirror Cockpit time viewed 5 %

  17. Level 3: Analysis of spatial layout Major transition frequencies 3.9 7.7 3.6 7.2 3.9 2.3 3.1 3.1 1.1 1.2

  18. Level 3: Information acquisition Statistical analysis of transition frequencies cf. Ellis & Smith, 1986

  19. The End? • I look forward to your questions • Contact:Matthias Roetting, Ph.D.Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety71 Frankland RoadHopkinton, MA 01748 Phone: (508) 497-0237Email: matthias.roetting@libertymutual.com matthias@roetting,de Web: www.libertymutual.com/research/ www.roetting.de

  20. Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety “Helping people live safer, more secure lives.”

More Related