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Nutrient Management Workbook 2009

Nutrient Management Workbook 2009. Jon Rausch, Amanda Meddles & Robert Mullen Ohio State University Extension. Objective. Development a nutrient management plan for each field of the farming operation. Focus on those utilizing animal manure. Take Home:

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Nutrient Management Workbook 2009

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  1. Nutrient Management Workbook 2009 Jon Rausch, Amanda Meddles & Robert Mullen Ohio State University Extension

  2. Objective • Development a nutrient management plan for each field of the farming operation. • Focus on those utilizing animal manure. Take Home: • General understanding of this Nutrient Management Workbook • Steps toward and approved Nutrient Management Plan

  3. Outline • Identify available soil resources. • Identify manure nutrients available. • Identify the nutrient needs of growing crop. • Identify sources of nutrients available for that crop. • Allocate and balance available nutrients by field. • Estimate nutrient carry-over, if any, and the value of that carry-over. • Identify spreadable acres available for manure application. • Estimate number of acres needed to recycle manure nutrients generated by your operation. • Identify steps toward an approved plan.

  4. Heritage Lane Farms 2009

  5. Example Farm Throughout this presentation an example is provided based on a farm that is currently operating a 1,000 head swine grow-finish barn. The farm has 200 cropping acres. This farm has a rotation of corn, soybeans and wheat and fertilizes his fields with manure from the swine operation. This is supplemented with commercial fertilizer when necessary. The field used throughout this book as an example is Brown 1 or B1. It is 30 acres and will be planted in corn. The previous crop was soybeans. Examples based on this scenario can be found in different sections throughout the presentation in gray boxes like this one. Page 1

  6. Soils/Field Data OSU Fact Sheet: Soil Sampling, Handling & Testing Field Plan EXAMPLE A Field Information B1 Brown Corn 160 bu/ac Soybeans Silt Loam 30 ac lb/ac lb/ac 20 30 250 Meq/100g ppm ppm

  7. Soil Test-Preferred

  8. Yield response NOT likely Yield response likely Increasing 

  9. Soil Test Critical Values

  10. No Soil Test Assumes maintenance level Page 2

  11. Example Farm Grow-Finish 13.86 42 30 Winter application see page 17

  12. Manure Test-Preferred 14

  13. Manure Nutrients Example This swine example uses book values, due to a lack of manure test results, from Table 1 Grow- Finish deep pit of 33 lb/1,000 gal of NH3-N, 17 lb/1,000 gal of Organic N (ON), 42 lb/1,000 gal of P2O5 and 30 lb/1,000 gal of K2O which will be applied in September and incorporated within 1 day. PAN: (17 x .33) + (33 x .25) = 13.86 lb/1,000 gal P2O5: 42 lb/1,000 gal K2O: 30 lb/1,000 gal PAN is Plant Available Nitrogen. This is the amount of Nitrogen available to the crop based on time of application and method of application. Page 3

  14. Page 3-4

  15. Time of Year page 5

  16. Calculating PAN- Example Farm 33 17 13.86 36.31 25% 8 33% 11.7 Test 1 16% diff. PAN worksheet top of page 3

  17. Example Farm Grow-Finish 13.86 42 30 Winter (Frozen & Snow Covered) application see page 17

  18. Example Nutrient Worksheet C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  19. Example Farm Example A dairy farmer expects 160 bu/ac of grain corn in field B1. The previous crop was soybeans. Nutrient recommendations without soil test values are: PAN: 160 lb/ac P2O5: 60 lb/ac K2O: 65 lb/ac Page 5

  20. Corn Silage use 1T/ac = 6 bu/ac; 160 bu/ac = 26.6 T/ac silage Page 6

  21. P2O5 Recommendation Page 6-8

  22. Page 8-10

  23. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  24. Example - Liquid Fertilizer (used in this example) 5 gal/ac of 10-34-0 are applied at planting. The fertilizer contains 10% PAN, 34% P2O5, and 0% K2O. The application rate is 5 gal/ac x 11.7 lb/gal = 58.5 lb/ac. PAN: 58.5 lb/ac x 10% = 6 P2O5: 58.5 lb/ac x 34% = 20 K2O: 58.5 lb/ac x 0% = 0 Example - Dry Fertilizer Diammonium phosphate has a blend of (18-46-0) applied at 150 lb/ac. The fertilizer contains 18% PAN, 46% P2O5 and 0% K2O. PAN: 150 lb/ac x 18% = 27 lb/ac P2O5: 150 lb/ac x 46% = 69 lb/ac or 14 lbs/ac K2O: 150 lb/ac x 0% = 0 lb/ac

  25. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  26. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 154 40 65 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  27. Example The swine farmer decides to base his application rate on the nitrogen need of the corn crop. Field B1 needs 154 lb/ac of PAN (from E: Additional Nutrients Needed) and the manure has a value of 13.86 lb/1000 gal or 0.01386 lb/gal . PAN Application Rate = 154 lb/ac / 0.01386 lb/gal = 11,111 gal/ac If he chose to use P2O5: 40 lb/ac / 0.042 lb/gal = 952 gal/ac If he chose to use K2O: 65 lb/ac / 0.030 lb/gal = 2,167 gal/ac Page 12 See also: NRCS-633, Table 4, page 13

  28. Manure Nutrients Applied

  29. Determining Application Rate

  30. Manure Nutrients Applied Example Manure Nutrient Values for field B1 are 13.86 lb/1000 gal of PAN, 42 lb/1000 gal P2O5, and 30 lb/1000 of K2O. Dividing these by 1000 to achieve lb/gal or a PAN of 0.01386 lb/gal, P2O5 of 0.042 lb/gal, and K2O of 0.030 lb/gal. The application rate calculated previously is 11,111 gal/ac but 7,000 gal/ac was applied to monitor the rate of P2O5. PAN: 0.01386 lb/gal x 7,000 gal/ac = 97 lb/ac P2O5: 0.042 lb/gal x 7,000 gal/ac = 294 lb/ac K2O: 0.030 lb/gal x 7,000 gal/ac = 210 lb/ac Page 13

  31. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 154 40 65 7,000 -97 -294 -210 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  32. Additional Nutrients • PSNT: Pre Side-dress Nitrogen Test • Applicable for fields with history of manure application • Designed to capture ON cycling • Sample just prior to side-dress N application • Indicator of NO3-N + NH4-N available • 30 ppm sufficient PAN, low probability of yield response with additional N • 0 – 30 ppm, higher probability of yield response with additional N Page 13

  33. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 154 40 65 7,000 -97 -294 -210 0 0 0 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  34. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 154 40 65 7,000 -97 -294 -210 0 0 0 57 -254 -145 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  35. Nutrient Worksheet Example: Remaining Nutrients for P2O5: 254 / 60 = 4.2 Remaining Nutrients for K2O: 145 / 65 = 2.2 Page 14

  36. Nutrient Carry-over • Apply based on N needs of crop when applicable and P for rotation. • 4.2 year carry-over means the need for more P is not likely for 3-4 years, but dependant upon crop rotation and soil test level.

  37. Example Nutrient Worksheet 160 60 65 -6 -20 -0 154 40 65 7,000 -97 -294 -210 0 0 0 57 -254 -145 4.2 2.2 C Crop Nutrient Needs D Starter Fertilizer Applied ton/ac gal/ac E Additional Nutrients Needed F Manure Application Rate G Manure Nutrients Applied H Additional Nutrients Applied I Crop Nutrient Balance J Years to Next Nutrient Application

  38. Nutrient Worksheet L Value of Excess Nutrients Applied K M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back) Manure Storage Management Volume Applied = Volume Remaining =

  39. Backside of worksheet

  40. Common Set-backs Page 15

  41. Nutrient Worksheet L Value of Excess Nutrients Applied 28.9 K M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back) Manure Storage Management Volume Applied = Volume Remaining =

  42. Example I: Crop Nutrient Balance shows a negative number for P2O5 and K2O which means there is an over application of those nutrients. There is an excess of 212 lb/ac of P2O5 and 79 lb/ac of K2O. The current market prices for fertilizer are: N= $0.89/lb P2O5= $1.35/lb K2O= $1.10/lb P2O5: 254 lb/ac x $1.35/lb x 28.9 ac = $9,909.81 K2O: 145 lb/ac x $1.10/lb x 28.9 ac = $4,609.55 Total dollars in excess nutrients applied to field B1 equals $14,519.36 $2,716 $2,724 $5,440 Fertilizer value used June ‘09: Urea = $420/ton = $0.46/lb N DAP $500/ton = $0.37/lb P2O5 Potash $770/ton = $0.65/lb K2O Page 18

  43. Nutrient Worksheet L Value of Excess Nutrients Applied 28.9 $14,519.36 $5,440 K M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back) Manure Storage Management Volume Applied = Volume Remaining =

  44. Example A farmer has 1,000 head in his grow-finish barn excreting 1.2 gallons of manure/hog/day. 1,000 hogs x 1.2 gal/day x 365 days = 438,000 gal/yr This example assumes 365 day/year one-time clean out. You will need to fine-tune this to accurately reflect your situation. Page 19

  45. Page 20

  46. Manure Production Grow-finish 1.2 lb/day 1,000 365 438,000 gal/yr 438,000 gal Does not include bedding or other additions to storage

  47. Total Nutrients Available • 438,000 gal available • = $ 15,489 (PAN, P2O5, K2O) • Total PAN = 438 * 13.86 = 3,071 lb • 3,071 lb / 160 lb/ac = 19 ac • 3,071 lb * $0.46/lb = $141 • Total P2O5= 438 * 42 = 18,396 lb • 18,396 lb/ 60 lb/ac = 306 ac • 18,396 lb * $0.37/lb =$6,807 • Total K2O = 438 * 30 = 13,140 lb • 13,140 lb / 65 lb/ac = 202 ac • 13,140 lb * $0.65/lb = $8,541

  48. Manure Application Records • Field record book • Emergency contact information • Spill response information • Equipment information • Detailed ‘day-of-application’ information • Winter application guidelines

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