Progression

1. Language Progressionfrom Breakthrough through Preliminary to Intermediate25th June 2011Yan HuaHead of Chinese, Oundle SchoolPrincipal Examiner, Edexcel GCSE ChinesePrincipal Examiner, CIE GCE ChineseExaminer & Item Writer, Asset Languages Chinese

2. Progression Advanced Intermediate Preliminary Breakthrough Lower Intermediate is more or less equivalent to GCSE.

3. Progression Advanced Intermediate Preliminary Breakthrough Asset award learners for what they can do through the stages. It can help to motivate if learners understand the progression.

4. Breakthrough 泳衣是红色的。 她很好看 。

5. Preliminary 她穿红泳衣。 我觉得她很漂亮。

6. Intermediate / GCSE 照片上的女孩穿着一件红色泳衣。 她每次游泳都喜欢穿红色泳衣， 她觉得红色泳衣很适合她。 大家都说她穿红色泳衣的时候最漂亮。

7. Pre-U 这是一张广告照片，广告是要促销一种营养早餐。很明显，广告的受众主要是年轻女性。广告好像是要说服她们，如果选择使用这个产品，她们就能像照片上的女性一样拥有娇美的容颜和苗条的身材。 近几年，这个广告铺天盖地，电视上，报纸上，杂志上，网络上，随处可见。广告效果确实不错，统计表明，这个品牌的早餐的销量在逐年增加。但是，食用这个早餐就真有那么好的效果吗？广告毕竟是广告，其目的只是宣传促销。，

8. Marking Criteria Asset Languages Speaking/Writing skills are assessed in 2 areas: Communication Language how successful the candidates are at getting their points across and how much information they provide on correct completion of the task. the range of vocabulary, sentence structure and grammatical control in the speaking / writing.

9. Communication At Breakthrough / Preliminary Stage Candidates are expected to communicate the main points of the task. Responses are SOMETIMES extended. At Intermediate / GCSE Stage Candidatesare expected to communicate the main points of the task. Responses should go beyond basic factual information to include details and description, personal opinions and justifications.

10. Language At Breakthrough Stage Candidates are expected to use survival vocabulary. At Preliminary Stage Their vocabulary should enable them to give and seek information that they need. At Intermediate/GCSE Stage They should have built up adequate vocabulary to convey simple opinions and/or points of view.

11. Language At Intermediate/GCSE Stage Examiners will be looking out for accurate use of long, complex sentences using conjunctions. Examiners will be impressed and therefore award higher marks if candidates can use a wide range of sentence types, not the same one repeated with key words changed. Higher marks will also be awarded to candidates who can use a wide range of timeframes successfully.

12. Language Tips for higher marks • use comparatives with比 and superlatives with 最. • use more extended sentence structures with conjunctions such as • 因为…，所以…(Preliminary) • 要是(Preliminary) • 但是(Preliminary) • 又…，又… (Intermediate) • 一边…，一边… (Intermediate) • 虽然…，但是… (Intermediate) • etc.

13. Language Tips for higher marks • use the 的structure. ‘The fish that mum cooked’ 妈妈做的鱼. • use different timeframes - some useful structures, such as: • 以前…, 现在…我以前是工人，现在是老师。 • …以前吃饭以前, 睡觉以前 • …的时候工作的时候, 休息的时候 • …以后放学以后, 下班以后, 大学毕业以后

14. Language The expectation for accuracy of character writing At Breakthrough / Lower Preliminary Stage Character writing is accurate enough for the meaning to be clear (with considerable / some effort from the reader). At Upper Preliminary/ Intermediate Stage Character writing should be generally accurate.

15. The Format of the Breakthrough Speaking Test

16. The Format of the Preliminary Speaking Test

17. The 3 Task Types in GCSE Speaking Exam • Open Interaction • Picture Discussion • Presentation and Follow-up Discussion

18. GCSE Speaking Task Type 1 – Open Interaction • It is an unscripted role-play in response to a stimulus. • ‘Interaction' is the key word in this particular task type. Candidates are expected to ask at least two questions effectively where appropriate to demonstrate their ability to 'interact’. • Edexcel produces a range of stimuli for centres to use. Teachers can adapt these or produce their own. • The stimulus is meant to provide both context and purpose.

19. GCSE Speaking Task Type 2 – Picture Discussion • Students provide the picture/photo. It relates to something they have interest or involvement in. • They may start with a short initial presentation to introduce their picture. Or we can start by asking them something like ‘你先告诉我 ，你为什么要选择这张照片？’. • After then we may ask some straightforward questions which are directly related to the picture, and then move on to some extended questions which are not so closely related to the picture but are of the same theme.

20. GCSE Speaking Task Type 3 – Presentation & Follow-up Discussion • Students decide what presentation to give. We may accompany the presentation task with specific instructions to support them. (e.g. Your presentation should include reference to ...) • After students finish the presentation, we start to ask questions. The questions we ask should be linked to the presentation. • We need to know the content of their presentation prior to the CA so that we can plan to ask suitable questions to enable us to interact effectively with students.

21. How long are Asset tests per stage per skills?

22. Asset BRK Speaking – Compare Pictures

23. Picture A for the examiner Picture B for the candidate

24. Learn how to ask the questions in Chinese. Translate the answers into English. 1. Where is the cat? 猫在哪儿？Māozàinǎer? e.g. 猫在 zhuōzixiàmian. 2. What time is it now? 现在几点了？Xiànzàijǐdiǎn le? e.g. 现在sān点了. 3. What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎样？Jīntiāntiānqìzěnyàng? e.g. 今天是 qíng天. 4. What’s in the picture? 画上是什么？Huàshàngshìshénme? e.g. 画上是yìzhīhuā.

25. Learn how to ask the questions in Chinese. Translate the answers into English. 5. What’s mum doing? 妈妈在做什么？Māmazàizuòshénme? e.g. 妈妈在 kànshū. 6. What is outside the window? 窗外有什么？Chuāngwàiyŏushénme? e.g. 窗外有lóufáng. 7.How many trees are there outside the window? 窗外有几棵树？Chuāngwàiyŏujĭkēshù? e.g. 窗外有sān棵树. 8. What’s the colour of the bag? 包是什么颜色？ Bāoshìshénmeyánsè? e.g.包是lán色.

26. 桌子下面有一只猫。 Zhuōzixiàmiànyǒuyīzhǐgǒu. 狗

27. 苹果在桌子上。 Píngguǒzàiyǐzishàng. 椅子

28. 女孩在听音乐。 Nǚháizàihuàhuàer. 画 画 儿

29. 女孩在看书。 Nǚháizàixiězì. 写字

30. dàizhe 男人戴着 帽子。 Nánrénméidàimàozi. 没 戴

31. dàizhe 沙发上的女孩戴着眼镜。 Shāfāshàng de nǚháiméidàiyǎnjìng. 没 戴

32. 男孩的头发很长。 Nánhái de tóufǎhěnduǎn. 短

33. jīnsè 女孩的头发是金色的。 Nǚhái de tóufǎshìhēisè de. 黑 色

34. 沙发是红色的。 Shāfāshìhuángsè de. 黄 色

35. 桌子上有四本书。 Zhuōzishàngyǒuliǎngběnshū. 两

36. 地板上有一个茶杯。 Dìbǎnshàngyǒuliǎnggèchábēi. 两

37. 墙上有一幅画， shù 画上是一束花。 Qiángshàngyǒuyīfúhuà, huàshàngshìyīgènǚrén. 一 个 女 人

38. Huàshàngshìyīzhīhuā. Huàshàngshìyīgèxiǎohái. child

39. shù 窗外有树。 Chuāngwàiyǒulóufáng. 楼 房

40. wǎn 现在是晚上。 Xiànzàishìzǎoshang. 早 上

41. 今天是阴天。 Jīntiānshìqíngtiān. 晴 天

42. yīběnshū 男孩手里有一本书。 Nánháishǒuliyǒuyībēichá. 一 杯 茶

43. Bàbahéérzizàiyīqǐ. 儿子 爸爸和女儿在一起。

44. Māmahénǚérzàiyīqǐ. 妈妈和儿子在一起。

45. 男孩和狗在一起。 Nánháihémāozàiyīqǐ.

46. 男孩和女孩一起看电视。 Nánháihénǚháiyīqǐtīngyīnyuè.

47. 男孩在 玩 滑 板 。 wánhuábǎn Nánháizàidǎwǎngqiú.

48. Asset PRE Speaking – Talk about a Picture 请说说照片上有些什么人？ 请说说照片上是什么地方？ 照片的人在做什么？ 他们穿什么衣服？ 你喜欢去市中心吗？为什么？ 你通常怎么去市中心？走路吗？ 你通常和谁一起去市中心？ 你通常去哪儿买衣服？

49. These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’. 他去北京。 我是前年去的北京。 他明天要去北京。

50. Breakthrough Preliminary Intermediate / GCSE 他去北京。 他要去北京。 我是前年去的北京。 他明天要去北京。 他去北京了。