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XML and e-commerce in book and serials publishing

XML and e-commerce in book and serials publishing. Francis J Cave Francis Cave Digital Publishing. Projects / initiatives using XML. Digital Object Identifier (DOI) metadata kernel metadata genre metadata Digital rights management XrML (ContentGuard) ODRL () <in d ecs>

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XML and e-commerce in book and serials publishing

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  1. XML and e-commerce in book and serials publishing Francis J Cave Francis Cave Digital Publishing SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  2. Projects / initiatives using XML • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) metadata • kernel metadata • genre metadata • Digital rights management • XrML (ContentGuard) • ODRL () • <indecs> • “Book trade” product information • EPICS • ONIX • XML/EDI initiatives SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  3. Digital Object Identifier • International DOI Foundation • An identifier for intellectual property entities • persistent • the identifier remains the same, regardless of ownership or location of the entity it identifies • actionable • the identifier is part of a system that includes technology (the Handles system) for resolving DOIs to specific locations • interoperable • the identifier uses existing identification schemes, such as ISBN, ISSN, SICI and PII SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  4. Digital Object Identifier • DOI kernel metadata • needed to provide a minimal description of the identified entity: • DOI • genre e.g. journal article, e-book, photo • unique identifier e.g. ISBN, ISMN • title • entity type e.g. work, physical manifestation • origination e.g. original, excerpt • primary agent agent identifier • agent role e.g. publisher, distributor SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  5. Digital Object Identifier • DOI genre metadata • extension of the kernel metadata to meet the description requirements of a specific genre • focus on rights metadata • must follow the <indecs> model • So what’s this all got to do with XML...? • registration of DOIs will in future involve mandatory delivery of DOI metadata in XML • XML format is likely to be harmonised with ONIX • Finding out more... • http://www.doi.org/ SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  6. Digital Rights Management • XrML – eXtensible Rights Markup Language • developed at Xerox PARC • XML-based language for specifying rights and issuing permissions associated with works • llicensed by ContentGuard, a Xerox spin-off supported by Microsoft, Adobe and others • http://www.xrml.org/ • ODRL – Open Digital Rights Language • developed by OASIS • editor Renato Iannella, IPR Systems • standardised rights language with XML binding • http://odrl.net/ SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  7. Book trade metadata • EDItEUR Product Information Communication Standard (EPICS) • ONIX International SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  8. EPICS • Abstract data dictionary • Defines semantics of product information for the book trade (books, serials, looseleafs, electronic...) • Defines an abstract data model for product information in terms of data elements, composites and value domains • Does not define a concrete syntax • Based upon the principles defined in the <indecs> metadata schema SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  9. EPICS • Pilot XML expression • DTD development based upon RDF • Strong EDI “feel” in choice of syntax • March 2000: exploring harmonisation with MUZE MerchEnt • Development suspended in March as priority switched to development of ONIX International • Current status • Maintained as the abstract foundation for ONIX • A basis (primary source) for other “book” and allied trade metadata standards SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  10. ONIX International • True XML application • XML DTD now ... XML Schema later • ONIX messages must be valid XML documents • One DTD, two implementation levels • Level 1 – meets original US ONIX requirements • minimal use of composites • short “numeric” element type names • aimed at low-tech SMEs • Level 2 – implements most of the EPICS semantics • wider use of composites (but fewer than in EPICS) • choice of short and verbose element type names • aimed at larger publishers SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  11. ONIX International • ONIX descriptive metadata element groups: • Product numbers • Product form • Series details • Set details • Title • Authorship (contributors) • Conference • Edition • Language • Pagination and other content • Subject • Audience • Publisher • Publishing dates • Territorial rights • Dimensions • Descriptions and other text • Links to image/audio/video • Prizes • Replaced by / alternative format • Supplier, availability and prices • Sales promotion information SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  12. ONIX International • Metadata group example: “authorship” • organised into metadata about each individual contributor (author, editor, translator,...) • individual contributor information comprises some combination of any of the following data elements: • contributor sequence number (display ordering) • contributor role • person name • person name, inverted • structured person name (up to six elements) • professional position • affiliation • corporate contributor name • biographical note • contributor description (other than biographical information) SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  13. ONIX International • XML-coded example of a contributor composite, using short element type names (Level 1): <contributor> <b035>A01</b035> <b037>Schur, Norman W</b037> <b044>A Harvard graduate in Latin and Italian literature, Norman Schur attended the University of Rome and the Sorbonne before returning to the United States to study law at Harvard and Columbia Law Schools. Now retired from legal practice, Mr Schur is a fluent speaker and writer of both British and American English </b044> </contributor> SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  14. ONIX International • XML-coded example of a contributor composite, using verbose element type names: <Contributor> <ContributorRole>A01</ContributorRole> <PersonNameInverted>Schur, Norman W </PersonNameInverted> <BiographicalNote>A Harvard graduate in Latin and Italian literature, Norman Schur attended the University of Rome and the Sorbonne before returning to the United States to study law at Harvard and Columbia Law Schools. Now retired from legal practice, Mr Schur is a fluent speaker and writer of both British and American English</BiographicalNote> </Contributor> SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  15. ONIX International • Current status • Current release (1.1) was issued in July 2000 • Minor corrections in August 2000 • Next release (1.2) expected end mid-November 2000 • Schema under development • to enable verification of element content • Extensions in progress for: • e-books (for release 1.3 in December 2000) • video (for release in 2001) • rights metadata SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

  16. XML/EDI initiatives • Book Industry Communication (BIC) / EDItEUR are evaluating XML as an alternative to EDI for trade with libraries • draft DTD for library book order messages • Direction likely to be influenced by the Global Commerce Initiative (GCI) and ebXML • Finding out more... • EDItEUR http://www.editeur.org/ • GCI http://globalcommerceinitiative.org/ • ebXML http://www.ebxml.org/ SGML UK Meeting:XML in Publishing

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