1 / 31

THE RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

Explore the key beliefs, rituals, and practices of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism in the Middle East, including sacred writings, deity beliefs, and observances. Discover the unique customs, symbols, and theological foundations of these major religions in the world.

jefferychavez
Download Presentation

THE RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THE RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

  2. Symbol: Cross • Followers: Christians - 33.4% of the world population Christianity

  3. Observance Days: • Lent • Easter • Advent • Christmas

  4. DEITY • God of Abraham - Yahweh • Monotheism - 1 God • Covenant between God and Abraham - descendants would be the chosen people through Isaac (Hebrews). • Trinity - God in 3 parts: God - the Father God the Son - Jesus Christ God the Holy Spirit - God’s Presence

  5. Sacred Writings • Bible - No sacred language • Old Testament - History of the Hebrews, law, prophets, and psalms • New Testament - 4 Gospels - stories of Jesus. Letters and stories about early Christians

  6. Key Beliefs • 10 Commandments • Jesus is human and divine • Trinity • Resurrection • Heaven and Hell

  7. Goal - Salvation (Eternal life with God) • Jerusalem , Nazareth, Bethlehem

  8. Practices & Rituals • 2 Sacraments: 1. Baptism – Remembrance of Jesus’ blessing in the River Jordan. 2. Communion - Last Supper of Christ - Body and Blood of Christ - bread and wine • Some sects have 7 sacraments (Baptism, Communion, Confirmation, Priesthood, Marriage, Confession, and Last Rites) • Tithing - giving • Evangelism - declaration of faith • Prayer • Repentance - Ask forgiveness for sins.

  9. Worship Service • Building - Church • Service is on Sunday • Leader - Ordained (trained) ministry • Service includes: prayer, Bible readings, sermon, Sacraments, and creed

  10. Sects • Roman Catholic • Protestant • Orthodox

  11. Symbol: Crescent Moon & Star • Followers: Muslims - 17.7% of the world population Islam

  12. Observance Days: • Day of Hijra • Birth of the Prophet • Night of Forgiveness • Ramadan • Night of Power • Festival of Sacrifice • Hajj • Little Festival

  13. GOD • God of Abraham - Allah • Monotheism - 1 God • Covenant between God and Abraham - descendants would be the chosen people through Ishmael (Arabs)

  14. Holy Book • Koran (Qur’an) - Arabic is the sacred language • Includes history of the Hebrews, laws, prophets, and Jesus' life • Outlines the goal of Islam - Reward of Salvation • Hallal - Allowed acts • Haram - Forbidden acts

  15. Key Beliefs • Angel Gabriel dictated Koran to Muhammad • Moses and Jesus are prophets, but Muhammad is the FINAL prophet. • Heaven and Hell • Lead a moral life as taught by Muhammad

  16. Goal - Reach Salvation Jerusalem is a Holy City - where Muhammad ascended to Heaven. City of Prophets

  17. Practices & Rituals 5 Pillars of Islam 1. Public declaration of faith 2. Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca 3. Giving of alms 4. Fasting during Ramadan - no food, drink, or sex from sun up to sun down 5. Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca (site of the Ka’ba) Dietary laws - no pork or alcohol

  18. The Kabah at Makkah - believed to have been built by Adam and then Abraham. Kabah cornerstone. Given to Abraham by God. The door to the Kabah Makkah - only people who practice Islam are allowed inside. Heraa Cave where Gabriel came to Muhammad

  19. Worship Service • Building - Mosque (Masjid) • Service is Friday Noon • Leader - Imam (prayer leader). A good person of character and religious knowledge • Service includes sermon, Koran readings, and prayer

  20. Sects • Sunni - 90% • Shi’i or Shi’a - 10% • Differ over leadership. Sunnis believe succession through Caliphs(Custom of all Muslims) Shiite believe leaders must come from the 12 perfect teachers.

  21. Symbol: Star of David • Followers: Jews - .3% of the world population Judaism

  22. Observance Days: • Rosh Hashanah • Yom Kippur • Sukkot • Simchat • Torah • Channukhah • Purim • Pesach • Shavout

  23. GOD • God of Abraham - Adonai • Monotheism - 1 God • Covenant between God and Abraham - descendants would be the chosen people through Isaac - (Hebrews)

  24. Holy Book • TeNaKh - Hebrew is sacred Language • T - Torah - God’s Law - Stories about Hebrews and laws • N - Nevi’im - History of Hebrew prophets • K - Ketuvim - Writings and Psalms • Given to Moses

  25. Key Beliefs • 613 Commandments (many dietary laws) • Chosen People - given Canaan • Holy Day - Shabbat • Talmud - God’s teachings are continuing revelation (oral tradition) - can change over time.

  26. Goal - to live a good (moral) life and to carry on Jewish Traditions Jerusalem is Holy City - Remains of the Temple - Wailing / Western Wall. City of Prophets.

  27. Practices & Rituals • Kashrut - Laws about being Kosher - No shellfish, No pork, and also No dairy and red meat prepared together. • Shabbat - Friday night. Eat Challah (bread) and drink wine. • Fasting during Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement) - Sorry for bad deeds. • Males are circumcised (usually on the 8th day) • No work on the Sabbath Day

  28. Shabbat meal of Challah and wine. Time of prayer and family The Wailing Wall - Western Wall of the Temple Mount - Solomon’s Temple

  29. Worship Service • Building - Synagogue • Service - Friday night and Saturday morning • Leader - Rabbi (Teacher) Torah Scholar, but can have other jobs. • Service includes - Torah readings, a sermon, and prayer

  30. Sects • Orthodox • Conservative • Reformed • (Differ over varying degrees of Kashrut)

More Related