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High Capacity Data Hiding for Grayscale Images. Author: Chin-Chen Chang, Yung-Chen Chou and The Duc Kieu Speaker: Yung-Chen Chou. Outline. Introduction Zhang and Wang ’ s method The proposed method Experimental result Conclusions. Receiver. Stego-Image. Secret data: 10110101.
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High Capacity Data Hiding for Grayscale Images Author: Chin-Chen Chang, Yung-Chen Chou and The Duc Kieu Speaker: Yung-Chen Chou
Outline • Introduction • Zhang and Wang’s method • The proposed method • Experimental result • Conclusions Yung-Chen Chou
Receiver Stego-Image Secret data: 10110101 Introduction Sender Stego-Image Host Image Secret data: 10110101 Yung-Chen Chou
Introduction (cont.) • Data hiding: • Spatial domain • Frequency domain • Compression domain • Requirement: • Low distortion • High capacity Yung-Chen Chou
10112 125 01012 105 Zhang and Wang’s method n=2 Translate binary secret message to (2n+1)-ary notification system image Secret data:101101011… Yung-Chen Chou
f(13,19)=(13+19*2) mod 5 = 1 13 19 13 19 f(11,19)=(11+19*2) mod 5 = 4 11 19 f(12,19)=(12+19*2) mod 5 = 0 12 19 f(12,18)=(12+18*2) mod 5 = 3 12 18 f(12,20)=(12+20*2) mod 5 = 2 12 20 Zhang and Wang’s method (cont.) Extracting function: n=2 image Secret data: 10112 125 Yung-Chen Chou
f(16,21)=(16+21*2) mod 5 = 3 16 21 f(14,21)=(14+21*2) mod 5 = 1 14 21 f(15,21)=(15+21*2) mod 5 = 2 15 21 f(15,20)=(15+20*2) mod 5 = 0 15 20 f(15,22)=(15+22*2) mod 5 = 4 15 22 Zhang and Wang’s method (cont.) n=2 image Low embedding rate Secret data: 10112 125 Yung-Chen Chou
The proposed method • Magic matrix construction Extracting function: f(0,0)=(0+0*2) mod 5 = 0 f(1,0)=(1+0*2) mod 5 = 1 : f(2, 1)=(2+1*2) mod 5 = 4 : f(3,252)=(3+252*2) mod 5 = 2 : f(252,3)=(252+3*2) mod 5 = 3 : Yung-Chen Chou
x1 = 2 x2 = 255-x1 = 253 x1=3 x2=255-x1 = 252 10112 125 01012 105 The proposed method (cont.) 4 Secret data:101101011… image Yung-Chen Chou
f(4, 255-4) = (4+251*2) mod 5 = 1 f(3, 255-3) = (3+252*2) mod 5 = 2 The proposed method (cont.) • Data extraction Stego-image 125=10112 Yung-Chen Chou
Experimental Results • The proposed method embeds two secret bits per pixel • Zhang and Wang’s method using two pixels to embed two secret bits Yung-Chen Chou
Experimental results Original image Stego-image with 524288 bits secret message Yung-Chen Chou
Conclusions • The proposed method embeds one digit into one pixel. • We provide a simple and efficient data embedding method to achieve secret message delivery purpose with high capacity. Yung-Chen Chou