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32.3 Native Americans Struggle to Survive

32.3 Native Americans Struggle to Survive. Main Idea Native Americans of the West fought to maintain their way of life as settlers pour onto their lands. Why It Matters Now The taking of their lands led to social and economic problems for Native Americans that continue to this day.

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32.3 Native Americans Struggle to Survive

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  1. 32.3 Native Americans Struggle to Survive Main Idea Native Americans of the West fought to maintain their way of life as settlers pour onto their lands. Why It Matters Now The taking of their lands led to social and economic problems for Native Americans that continue to this day.

  2. CA. Standard • 8.12.2 Identify the reasons for the development of federal Indian policy and the wars with American Indians and their relationship to agricultural development and industrialization.

  3. Daily Guided Questions • What was the United States’ policy on Native Americans after 1850? • How did Native Americans try to resist U.S. policy? • What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?

  4. Quick Write • “Imagine that you are a Native American living during the late 1800’s. Your tribe is being forced on to a reservation. Your group is asking for your opinion, should you fight or move to a reservation? What would be the effects of your decision?” • Respond with at least 60 words. • You have 5 min.

  5. Great Plains N.A. • Relied on buffalo. -Food -Clothing -Shelter • Europeans introduced horses and guns. • Nomadic.

  6. Uses for the Buffalo

  7. Broken Treaties • Fort Laramie Treaty, 1851- U.S. wanted Native Amer. nations to stop following the buffalo and settle permanently on reservations. -USA would protect lands. • 1859, gold found on N.A. land in CO. -Miners swarm to it. -Treaty changed. -N.A. resist.

  8. Sand Creek Massacre, 1864 • Colonel John Chivington and 700 militia men attack a band of Cheyennes. -Under army protection. -Over 100 Cheyennes died. -Start of “Indian Wars.”

  9. Buffalo Soldiers • African American vets of the Civil War. -Fought in the “Indian Wars” for over 20 years. -Captured bandits from TX to Dakotas.

  10. End of the Buffalo

  11. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the first DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. What was the United States’ policy on Native Americans after 1850?

  12. Reservations • Land set aside for N.A. to live on. -Poor soil. • Sioux and Cheyenne moved to Black Hills of Dakota. -Gold found 1874. -Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse led attacks of whites.

  13. Resistance • Little Bighorn, 1876 • Colonel George Armstrong Custer and men attacked N.A. -Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull led Sioux and Cheyenne attack on U.S. army. -Custer and all of his men died.

  14. Resistance cont. • Nez Perce -Chief Joseph led tribe into Canada. • Navajos -Defeated in Arizona. -Forced on “Long Walk” • Apaches -Geronimo fought for ten years. -Imprisoned

  15. The Ghost Dance • Dancers fell into trance-like state. -Ancestors would return the buffalo and make white settlers leave the Plains. -Soldiers fearing a rebellion, went into villages and reservations to stop the dancing. -Sitting Bull killed.

  16. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the second DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. How did Native Americans try to resist U.S. policy?

  17. Call for Reform • Susette La Flesche. -Father was a Omaha chief -Wrote articles and made speeches • Helen Hunt Jackson -Wrote, A Century of Dishonor • Alice Fletcher -Agent of the Bureau of Indian Affairs

  18. Dawes Act, 1887 • Give land to N.A. to farm and educate their children, but program failed. -N.A. had to give up traditional ways and culture. -Few N.A. farmed. -Many sold their land to dishonest whites. -Leadership was replaced by federal agents.

  19. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the third DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?

  20. Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890 • Sioux were surrounded by U.S. Army in N.Dakota. • 200 N.A. and 30 soldiers killed. • Marked the end of the “Indian Wars”

  21. Primary Source pg. 640 • Read the primary source, Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever and answer the questions. • Background -In 1877, the Nez Perce Nation was ordered off their land to move onto a reservation. -Some peacefully went, but some 800 resisted trying to escape into Canada. -Oct. they gave up the fight.

  22. Answers • The mood of the speech is sad. • Chief Joseph will look for his lost children after his surrender and he promises to not fight any more. • Answers will vary. He gives up honorably, speaks the truth, war is not glamorous…

  23. 6 C’ of Primary Sources Analysis • Read the primary source carefully. • Turn the WS over, copy the boxes, and titles down. • Answer the questions in the boxes. • Content (What is it describing, use details) • Citation (Who is making the claims, how many) • Context (What is going around in the country at this time period) • Connections (Give a brief history) • Communication (What is the POV, bias, & reliability?) • Conclusions (How does it help in your learning?)

  24. Study Guide pg.207 • Copy and complete the study guide on page 207. • Use your notes and textbook pg. 458-463 to finish it.

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