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Native Americans

Native Americans. Arrangement . American Indians way of life. Indian relations. Indian literature. American Indians way of life ( Everyday life ). Men had fishing and hunting parties

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Native Americans

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  1. Native Americans

  2. Arrangement American Indians wayoflife Indian relations Indian literature

  3. American Indians wayoflife(Everydaylife) • Men had fishing and hunting parties • They enjoyed hours of leisure time filled with athletic contest , gambing , and other games and pursuits • Families , clans , and tribes made localized decisions in the absence of the cheif or head authority

  4. Housing type ofhousingdepended on availablebuildingmaterials in the different areas…

  5. Native Americans - Catering • Native Americans relied on agriculture , hunting , and gathering. • The women supervised the farming of vegetables such as : maize(com),beans,squash,pumpkins, and other crops. • They also gathered fruits,nuts, and roots

  6. Native AmericansandBuffalos Native Americansusednearlyeverypartofthe Buffalo. Sinew (=>bowstrings) Meat (=> diet) Skull (=> used in rituals) Fat (=>candles, soap) Horns (=> bowls , spoons,) Bones(=>tools, knifes , sledrunners , …) Hoofs ( =>Glue) Hides (=> clothes , teepes , drums , …)

  7. Indian Relations • In the 1490s European exploration started , at this time Indians were living all over North America.

  8. The societieswere diverse andhavelonghistory. • The Aztec Empire was thelargest Native American civilizationwithmillionsofpeopleliving in whatisnow Mexico. • Native AmericanslivedhereforthousandsofyearsbeforetheEuropeansarrived.

  9. First interactionsbetweenEuropeansand Indians • First interactions largely involved trading near various harbors and rivers of North America • Europeans established colonies on the shores and Indians became curious.

  10. How Indians andEuropeansbenefitfromeachother • Europeans relied on the Indians to teach them : - survival skills - How to make canoes - shelters and homes - How to make clothes from buckskin - Farming and crops • Indians aquired the following from Europeans : - firearms - textiles - and steel tools

  11. The deadlyimpact on the Native Americans • Indians outnumbered Europeans by alot ; In the 1600s the Indians population was from 10.000 to 100.000 people. • The europeans unwithingly exposed them to disease to which they had no immunity to. • Small pox was the worst disease and sometimes killed of whole villages • The Indians who survived were forced to vacate their land and homes because the Europeans didn´t need their guidance and friendship anymore. • The Indians were forced to the West.

  12. Indian literature (story telling) • North American Natives didn’t often write poetry • Their languages varied from tribe to tribe • Most chants had meaning • Meanings could be: Making crops grow, inspiring a deer hunt, healing a sick leader, gaining a victory, or a religious ceremony • Meanings depended on the tribes

  13. Examples • Delaware: based on pictures and religion • Navajo: based on crop growth and weather patterns • Ojibwa/ Chippewa: based on close relations through nature and describing nature

  14. Literary Devices • Repetitions • Enumeration • Incremental Development • Ritual beginnings and endings • Specific structure( Pima, Papago) • Intro: Harmony • Thesis: One or more instances of disruption • Antithesis: measures are taken to overcome disruption • Conclusion: restored harmony after cycles of four or some power of four

  15. Basic Construction • Functions • Beliefs • About: • Nature of the physical world • Social order and appropriate behavior • Human nature and the problem of good vs. evil • Myths • Primal world • Beings are animal spirits in more or less human form: monsters, confusions of nature • Mythic age flows into age of transformation

  16. Basic Construction ( Cont.) • Functions ( cont.) • Deities of cultures • Culture hero, transformer orders the world • Culture hero turns animal people into animals • Other beings become landmarks • Flows into historical time

  17. Basic Construction (cont. 2) • Main Characters • Culture Heroes • Dramatize protypical events and behaviors • Show how to do what is right and how we become who we are • Shape the world • Often a divine birth

  18. Basic Construction ( cont. 3) • Trickster • Provide disorder and change • Enable us to see the rough side of life • Provide the possibility of change • May be overachievers who get the comeuppance

  19. Basic Construction ( cont. 4) • Themes • Formation of the world • Movement from heaven to the water realm • Fortunate fall; creation story • Earth-diver myth

  20. Sources • Elements of Literature

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