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CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER. 2 properties of matter. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - are characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance CHEMICAL PROPERTIES - describes a substance’s ability to change into different substance. PHASES OF MATTER.

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CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

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  1. CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

  2. 2 properties of matter • PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - are characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance • CHEMICAL PROPERTIES - describes a substance’s ability to change into different substance.

  3. PHASES OF MATTER -- PHASE are the different states by which matter could exist; there are four phases of matter ,,the • SOLID • LIQUID • GAS • PLASMA

  4. SOLiD

  5. Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position. • Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Heat

  6. AMORPHOUS SOLID --- solid that lose their shape under certain conditions. --- it can also be thought as a slowly moving liquid.

  7. LIQUID

  8. Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another. • Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Heat

  9. VISCOSITY -- the resistance of the fluid to flow

  10. GAS

  11. Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely. • Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Heat

  12. BOYLES LAW -- states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas . PV = P1V1

  13. CHARLES LAW --the volume of the fix amount of gas varies directly with the temperature of the gas. FORMULA:V1/T1 = V2/T2

  14. V1= 3.5 L, T1= 300K, V2 = ?, T2 = 200K Using Charles’ law: V1/T1 = V2/T2 3.5 L / 300 K = V2 / 200 K V2 = (3.5 L/300 K) x (200 K) = 2.3 L • A sample of gas occupies 3.5 L at 300 K. What volume will it occupy at 200 K? For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

  15. But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels…between 1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ? Will everything just be a gas?

  16. PLASMA

  17. A plasma is an ionized gas. • A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields. • Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. • Plasma is the • common state • of matter

  18. LIQUID PLASMA SOLID GAS Tightly packed, in a regular pattern Vibrate, but do not move from place to place Close together with no regular arrangement. Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other Well separated with no regular arrangement. Vibrate and move freely at high speeds Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

  19. Some places where plasmas are found… 1.Flames

  20. 2. Lightning

  21. 3. Aurora (Northern Lights)

  22. The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state

  23. PHASE CHaNGE

  24. MELTiNG -- change of solid into liquid

  25. FREEZiNG -- change of liquid to solid.

  26. EVAPORATION -- change of liquid to gas.

  27. CONDENSATION -- if a substance in the gas phase loses heat energy, it changes into liquid.

  28. SUBLIMATION -- solid change not only into liquid but also into gas.

  29. CLASSES OFMATTER

  30. PURE SUBSTANCE -- substance in which all particles are alike. -- it has two kinds namely: • ELEMENT • COMPOUND

  31. ELEMENTS • the simplest pure substance. • it is made up of a smallest particle called ATOM.

  32. COMPOUND • pure substance that are made up of one or more than one element • it is made up of MOLECULES

  33. MIXTURE • is a matter that consists of two or more substance mixed together but are not chemically combined.

  34. homogeneous • appears to be the same throughout or well mixed. • it could be of two types: -- colloids -- solutions

  35. COLLOIDS • relatively large in size and are permanently suspended. TYPES OF COLLOIDS

  36. SOLUTION • has a substance that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolving TYPES OF SOLUTION

  37. HETEROGENEOUS • does not appear to be the same throughout. Two particles can be identified in this kind of mixture.

  38. CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING ?

  39. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

  40. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

  41. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond

  42. Element, Compound, or Mixture? C Diamond

  43. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

  44. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

  45. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water

  46. Element, Compound, or Mixture? H2O Pure Water

  47. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum

  48. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Al Aluminum

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