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Introduction to Computers

Section 7A. Introduction to Computers. Network. A group of connected computers that communicate, exchange information and share resources. Benefits of Networks. Users access programs and data simultaneously Users share printers and scanners Users communicate more easily

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Introduction to Computers

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  1. Section 7A Introduction to Computers

  2. Network • A group of connected computers that communicate, exchange information and share resources

  3. Benefits of Networks • Users access programs and data simultaneously • Users share printers and scanners • Users communicate more easily • Users backup their data more easily

  4. File Server • A computer that stores data files for networked users to access

  5. Two Kinds of File Access • Read-Only • Read/Write

  6. Levels of Access Rights or Policies • Write access • Supervisor access

  7. Ways to Share Software on a Network • Site license • Network version

  8. Shared Peripherals • Multiple users send print jobs to a printer at the same time using spooling

  9. Personal Communications • E-mail • Teleconferences • Videoconferences

  10. Backup • The network manager makes regular backups

  11. Two Types of Networks • Local area network (LAN) • Wide area network (WAN)

  12. Packet • Data is broken into small pieces--called packets--before being transmitted between networked computers

  13. Packet Parts • Header: has identifying information like type of data; data source and destination; and sequence number • Payload: has the transmitted data

  14. Protocol • Rules and formats for sending and receiving data along the LAN

  15. Kinds of Protocols • TCP/IP • IPX/SPX • NetBEUI

  16. Ways to Connect Similar LANs • Hub • Bridge • Router

  17. Gateway Connects Different LANs • A gateway reads a packet header from one type of network and then adds a second header understandable by the second network

  18. Other Networks • Campus Area Networks (CANs) • Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) • Wide Area Networks (WANs)

  19. Node • A node is an individual computer on a network

  20. Client/Server Networks • Individual computers share the processing and storage workload with a central server

  21. Peer-to-Peer Networks • Sometimes called a workgroup • Nodes share files and data with each other vs. client/server networks, where nodes share files and data only with the server

  22. Network Features • Topology: Physical or logical layout of cables and devices that connect the network nodes • Media: wires and cables that carry data from source to destination • Bandwidth: amount of data media can carry

  23. Kinds of Topologies • Bus topology • Star topology • Ring topology • Mesh topology • Wireless topology

  24. Kinds of Media • Twisted-pair cable • Coaxial cable • Fiber-optic cable • Wireless networks

  25. Network Technology • Network technology is the kind of cabling equipment used to create a LAN

  26. Examples of Network Technology • Ethernet • Fast Ethernet • Gigabit Ethernet • Token Ring

  27. Network Software • The group of programs that manages the network resources is called the network operating system (NOS)

  28. Examples of NOSs • Novell NetWare • Microsoft Windows NT Server • Microsoft Windows 2000 • Microsoft XP • Microsoft .NET Server • Linux

  29. Section 7A • Networking Basics

  30. Review Questions • What is a network? • What is a file server? • What is a node? • What’s the difference between a client/server network and a peer-to-peer network?

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