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Introduction to Computers

Lesson 2A Introduction to Computers Keyboard Alphanumeric keys Modifier keys Numeric keypad Function keys Cursor-movement keys Special-purpose keys Click to Enlarge How the Computer Accepts Input from the Keyboard Keyboard controller Keyboard buffer Scan code Interrupt request

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Introduction to Computers

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  1. Lesson 2A Introduction to Computers

  2. Keyboard • Alphanumeric keys • Modifier keys • Numeric keypad • Function keys • Cursor-movement keys • Special-purpose keys Click to Enlarge

  3. How the Computer Accepts Input from the Keyboard • Keyboard controller • Keyboard buffer • Scan code • Interrupt request • Repeat rate Click to Enlarge

  4. The Mouse • An input device that rolls around on a flat surface and controls the pointer

  5. Examples of Mouse Maneuvers • Pointing • Clicking • Double-clicking • Dragging • Right-clicking

  6. Mouse Variants • Trackball • Trackpad • Integrated pointing device

  7. Lesson 2A • Standard Input Devices

  8. Keyboard • Primary input device for entering text and numbers

  9. Standard Keyboards Have Five Groups of Keys • Alphanumeric keys • Modifier keys • Numeric keypad • Function keys • Cursor-movement keys Click to Enlarge

  10. Mouse • An input device that rolls around on a flat surface and controls the pointer

  11. Pointer • Also called the mouse pointer • An on-screen object for selecting text; accessing menus; and interacting with programs, files, or data

  12. Other Pointing Devices • Trackball • Trackpad, also called a touchpad • Joystick, also called an integrated pointing device, 3-D point stick, or TrackPoint

  13. Alternative Input Devices • Devices for the hand • Optical devices • Audiovisual devices

  14. Monitors • Cathode ray tube (CRT) • Flat-panel. Most common flat-panel is the liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor

  15. Pixel • Pixel, short for picture element, is the smallest number of phosphor dots that the electron gun inside the monitor can focus on

  16. Two Main LCD Categories • Passive matrix LCDuses a transistor for each row and column of pixels. • Active matrix LCDuses a transistor for each pixel on the screen. * Thin-film transistor displays use multiple transistors for each pixel.

  17. Other Kinds of Monitors • Plasma/gas plasma displayCreated by sandwiching a special gas between two sheets of glass.

  18. Four Things to Consider When Monitor Shopping • Size • Resolution • Refresh rate • Dot pitch

  19. Video Controller • Intermediary device between the CPU and the monitor • Controls how things look on-screen (VGA card)

  20. Sound Card • Translates digital sounds into the electric current that is sent to the speakers

  21. Printers • Impact • Nonimpact

  22. Examples of Printers • Dot matrix • Ink jet • Laser

  23. Four Things to Consider When Printer Shopping • Image quality, measured in dots per inch (dpi) • Speed, measured in pages per minute (ppm) • Initial cost • Cost of operation

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